Man went to the moon with only Newton's equations?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers around the role of Newton's equations in the Apollo moon missions, exploring whether they were sufficient for navigation and trajectory calculations, and considering the contributions of other scientific principles and technologies.

Discussion Character

  • Debate/contested
  • Technical explanation
  • Exploratory

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants suggest that Newton's equations were sufficient for programming the course of the Apollo missions, with basic physics books providing the necessary information.
  • Others argue that Maxwell's equations, solid state physics, and biological sciences were also crucial for telemetry, communication, and problem-solving during the missions.
  • A participant notes that relativistic corrections to Newton's laws were negligible given the speeds and accuracy required for the missions.
  • One participant provides Newton's equations of motion and gravitation as fundamental for solving rocket trajectories in the solar system.
  • There is interest in the 3-D stellar navigation methods used during the missions, with questions about how position and velocity were determined without Earth tracking information.
  • Another participant mentions the need for electronics and other laws, such as Kirchhoff's law, to steer the shuttle effectively.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the sufficiency of Newton's equations alone, with some emphasizing the importance of additional scientific principles and technologies, indicating that the discussion remains unresolved.

Contextual Notes

There are unresolved questions regarding the specifics of the navigation methods used in space and the extent to which Newton's laws can be considered sufficient without other scientific contributions.

relativitydude
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Man went to the moon with only Newton's equations?

I am keenly interested in seeing these equations. Anyone recommend a book or resource that details this?
 
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Man would never have made it to the Moon without Maxwell's equations either not to mention solid state physics and the biological sciences! Telemetry, radio communication and computers were essential to navigation, guidance and problem solving when the unexpected arose.
 
I believe the original question has to do with the fact that in programming the course followed by the Apollos, Newton's gravity laws were sufficient and General Relativity was unneccesary. Any basic physics book would have Newton's theory of gravity as well as Newton's laws.
 
True. Relativistic corrections were small enough to be ignored given the speeds involved and accuracy required.
 
Well, Newton's equations of motion are:

[tex]\vec F = m \vec a[/tex]

And his equation of gravitation is

[tex]F = G \frac{m_1 m_2}{r^2}[/tex]

These are the only two basic equations you need to solve for the trajectory of a rocket-propelled spacecraft in the solar system, where gravitational field strengths and velocities are reasonably small.

- Warren
 
What was interesting is that they did come up with a means of 3-d stellar navigation while in the space craft. Anyone here know the details of how this worked? They were able to determine position and velocity.
 
What was interesting is that they did come up with a means of 3-d stellar navigation while in the space craft.

In their most general sense, Newton's Laws are vectorial in nature. Just use 3-d vectors.
 
I thinl that must be a secret!
The scientist may not be allowed to tell it to everyone. (I mean about the equipment and travellings).
If you have seen one, please tell it to me!
 
Last edited:
What was interesting is that they did come up with a means of 3-d stellar navigation while in the space craft.

In their most general sense, Newton's Laws are vectorial in nature. Just use 3-d vectors.

That's the easy part, how did they get a reading to determine their current position while in the spacecraft ? (This was doiable without tracking information from the Earth). What type of "sextant" do you use for outer space?
 
  • #10
relativitydude said:
Man went to the moon with only Newton's equations?

I am keenly interested in seeing these equations. Anyone recommend a book or resource that details this?

Well, of course to steer the shuttle also lots of electronics was needed, which were designed using many electronics "laws", such as Kirchhoff's law etc.
 

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