Specific gravity (SG) in fluid is a measure of the density of a fluid relative to the density of water. It is commonly used to determine the concentration or purity of a solution, as well as to compare the weight of different fluids.
The specific gravity of a fluid is calculated by dividing its density by the density of water at a specific temperature. The resulting number is a unitless ratio, with water having a specific gravity of 1.
Specific gravity in fluid is important because it can help determine the concentration or purity of a solution, which can be useful in various scientific and industrial processes. It can also indicate the weight or density of a fluid, which can be important in transportation and engineering.
Temperature can affect specific gravity in fluid because the density of water changes with temperature. Therefore, specific gravity calculations must be done at a specific temperature for accurate results. In general, the specific gravity of a fluid decreases as the temperature increases.
There are several methods for measuring specific gravity in fluid, including hydrometers, pycnometers, and digital densitometers. These instruments use different principles, such as buoyancy and refractive index, to determine the specific gravity of a fluid.