In mathematics and computational science, the Euler method (also called forward Euler method) is a first-order numerical procedure for solving ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with a given initial value. It is the most basic explicit method for numerical integration of ordinary differential equations and is the simplest Runge–Kutta method. The Euler method is named after Leonhard Euler, who treated it in his book Institutionum calculi integralis (published 1768–1870).The Euler method is a first-order method, which means that the local error (error per step) is proportional to the square of the step size, and the global error (error at a given time) is proportional to the step size.
The Euler method often serves as the basis to construct more complex methods, e.g., predictor–corrector method.
Hi, in the link https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Andrew_Sornborger/publication/220662120_Higher-order_operator_splitting_methods_for_deterministic_parabolic_equations/links/568ffaab08aec14fa557b85e/Higher-order-operator-splitting-methods-for-deterministic-parabolic-equations.pdf and equation...
Homework Statement
Consider the curve C (image attached). C coincides with the real-z axis for $$|z| > a$$ and, in $$|z| < a$$ C coincides with the semi-circle $$|z| = a, =z > 0$$ In terms of simple singular flows, what is the image in C of a line source of strength 2πm lying at z = z_0, above...
Dear, everyone..
I am doing a numerical investigation of unsteady heat transfer in a Newtonian fluid occupying a square cavity. I solved numerically using HSMAC(Highly Simplified Marker and Cell) finite difference approach as the governing dimensionless equation. The fluid flow is simulated...
Homework Statement
if a beam fixed at two points is on an angle say 45 degrees from the x or y-axis instead of running parallel to x-axis in most questions does this effect calculations? The force acting upon it would be a load directly downwardsHomework Equations
N/A
The Attempt at a Solution...
$$ y == x*Tanh[x]$$
Solve for "x".
Does this exist? Even in terms of more complicated functions like Lambert W, or possibly recursive solutions/geometric series/etc.
Thanks, if anyone can point me in the right direction!
When using the method of differences on a given series, when do you stop listing the terms?
Example question:
f(r)= ; r∈N
State f(r)-f(r+1) in terms of r and hence determine
So skipping until the worked answer gives
Great so here I included the n+1th term because I'm guessing since the...
Homework Statement
a) explain why a pattern of bright and dark fringes is visible on a screen when a light is shone through a double slit.
b) Use this data to determine the wavelength of light being used to create the interference pattern. Do this three different ways.
-The angle to the eighth...
The Variational Method allows us to obtain an upper bound on energy of the ground state (and sometimes excited states).
Is there any way of determining an upper bound on the error of the energy obtained by the variational method without an analytic or numerical solution to the problem?
i.e. Is...
Hello to everyone!
I'm having a problem, banal in form, but perhaps complex in practical application.
Let's suppose we have 300 functions y = f (x) of random trend and we want to group these functions into 10 subgroups (each group consisting of 30 functions).
However, this grouping must not be...
Homework Statement
[/B]
I have a simply supported beam of length (L) with a concentrated moment (M) in the center, and end reactions of R1 and R2
I need to find the slope at the center of the beam caused by M, using castiglianos method
I have found the moment function to be
M = (R1*X) +...
Homework Statement
A particle moves in a straight line with the acceleration shown in the figure.
Knowing that it starts from the origin with ##v_0 = -14ft/s##, plot the v-t and
x-t curves for 0 < t < 15 s and determine (a) the maximum value of the velocity
of the particle, (b) the maximum...
hi, i don't know if this qualifies as a question or not, but this is something i can't really understand.
i am an engineering undergrad, when we are learning about the pros and cons of different method of doing anything , for example maximum power point tracking in PV systems, we discussed a...
Hey guys, when you're linearizing a function that has a constant, what do you do to it?
An example would be y = x^2 + 3, would you just linearize it using its derivative and get rid of the constant?
So I'm investigating the stability properties of the following nonlinear system of equations:
\frac{dx}{dt}=-\rho k_2 \cos(x) \cos(y) \sin(y)
\frac{dy}{dt}=-\rho \sin(x)[k_1+k_2\sin^2(y)]
where \rho > 0 \text{ and where } k_1 \text{ and } k_2 are real constants.
In particular, I'm looking...
Homework Statement
I'd like to solve the following integral using the 2D trapezoidal method in fortran 95
$$I=\int^{1.40406704}_{-1.40406704} \int^{x+1.40406704}_{x-1.40406704} exp(x+y) dy dx$$
Homework Equations
$$I= \frac{h}{2} \left(f_0+ 2 \sum_{i=1}^{n-1} f_i +f_n \right)+O(h^2) $$
The...
Homework Statement
Using the method of undetermined coefficients, determine the general solution of the following second-order, linear, non-homogenous equations.
y'' - 4y' + 4y = 2e^(2x+3)
Homework Equations
I'm not sure what to do from here...
Also, I'm new here. How do I use the superscript...
A couple of months ago I was troubleshooting a blown fuse on a power factor correction capacitor in a 4160v motor starter. While I was working through it I noticed that my DMM (fluke 289) would charge the capacitor to a certain degree while on the Ω function. The current from the meter would...
Hey! :o
Let $G$ be the iteration matrix of an iteration method. So that the iteration method converges is the only condition that the spectral radius id less than $1$, $\rho (G)<1$, no matter what holds for the norms of $G$ ?
I mean if it holds that $\|G\|_{\infty}=3$ and $\rho (G)=0.3<1$ or...
Hi PF!
I want to solve ##u''(x) = -\lambda u(x) : u(0)=u(1)=0##. I know solutions are ##u(x) = \sin(\sqrt{\lambda} x):\lambda = (n\pi)^2##. I'm trying to solve via the Ritz method. Here's what I have:
define ##A(u)\equiv d^2_x u## and ##B(u)\equiv u##. Then in operator form we have ##A(u) =...
I am studying the scientific method and have come to the following conclusion.
Since X -> Y does not imply X is true (or real), it is impossible for the scientific method (SM) to prove that anything is true.
So like mathematics, the scientific method builds knowledge on axioms which cannot be...
Homework Statement
y″ − 2y′ − 3y = t 3 e 5t cos(3t) ---equation 1
Yp = (At3 + Bt2 + Ct + D) e 5t cos(3t) + (Et3 + Ft2 + Gt + H) e 5t sin(3t) ---equation 2
Homework Equations
If there is any term in common, then the entire complex of product that is the choice for Y must be multiplied by t...
Homework Statement
Hi I have attached an image which shows OK and OM which are position vectors such that OK=k and OM =m
R is the mid point of OK and S is a point on OM such that (vec) OS = 1/3 OM
L is the midpoint of RM, using a vector method, prove RS is parallel to KL.
Homework...
Homework Statement :[/B]
I was learning the use of standard forms in method of substitution in solving integration. My book has given this method for solving integrals of the type ##\int \frac{lx +m}{ax^2+bx+c} dx##:
As an example, the book gives this one:
Homework Equations :[/B]
The...
Homework Statement
Determine the Finite Difference Method stencil for approximating a second derivative u''(x) at a discrete set of nodes with maximum accuracy for stencil of sizes (0,4) (off-centered).
My questions:
I think I am able to answer the question I am just not sure about what is...
Homework Statement
Use the shell method to find the volume of the solid generated by revolving the region bounded by the line y = x + 2 and the parabola y=x^2 about the x- axis.
Homework Equations
-
The Attempt at a Solution
1) x = √ (y)
2) x= y -2
V = ∫ (2 π ) ( y ) ( √ (y) - y + 2 ) from 0...
Homework Statement
The load is known. Just 2 reactions needed to describe all external forces.
Homework Equations
method of joings
The Attempt at a Solution
I'm working on a pretty simple truss for work and want to check some of the elements for buckling. The strange thing is I am not...
Homework Statement
This is a homework problem for a numerical analysis class.
Use the following theorem to find bounds for the number of iterations needed to achieve an approximation with accuracy 10^-5 to the solution of the equation given in part (a) lying in the intervals [-3,-2] and...
Homework Statement
Homework Equations
Volume of Sphere = 4/3 pi r^3
d = m/v
The Attempt at a Solution
my attempt is:
r = 2
Vsphere = 32/3 pi cm^3
density of mercury = 13.53 g/ml
d*v of sphere = 259.7grams
259.7 grams of sphere * (1/density of mercury) = 259.7g *( 1 ml / 13.53 g) = 19.2 ml...
Hi all,
There is this question;
Firstly, I am new to quantum mechanics and there are a lot of terms I am unfamiliar with. So there is this question that asks me to develop a method to reconstruct state and I have no clue how I should start with. Any help or steps to solve this type of...
I have a system of equations which I solved with Newtons method.
Call Newtons method a function NM=f(K1,K2). K1 and K2 are input and a vector of x=x1,x2,x3,x4 is output.
I have another function, SSR, the sum of square residuals. It looks like this :
$$\sum...
Hello everyone!
I'm trying to get a deeper understanding on how to determine those periodic orbits in the equal-mass three-body Newtonian gravitational problems. The most general idea I know is to confine the three bodies into a zero angular momentum space, which sounds vague to me. What is the...
A friend and I have reached a disagreement, and truly neither of us can come up with the math to prove one of us right or wrong. So I pose the question in here for someone to offer me a proof of which theory is correct.
The question is about what is the proper way to calculate damage per...
Hey! :o
We have \begin{equation*}A:=\begin{pmatrix}-5.7 & -61.1 & -32.9 \\ 0.8 & 11.9 & 7.1 \\ -1.1 & -11.8 & -7.2\end{pmatrix} \ \text{ and } \ z^{(0)}:=\begin{pmatrix}1\\ 1 \\ 1\end{pmatrix}\end{equation*}
I want to approximate the biggest (in absolute value) eigenvalue of $A$ with the...
Homework Statement
Use the diffence method to sum the series ##\sum_{n=2}^N\frac {2n-1}{2n^2(n-1)^2}##
Homework Equations
from the textbook by Riley i have ##S_N=\sum_{k=1}^m f(N-k+1)-\sum_{k=1}^m f(1-k)##
The Attempt at a Solution
I prefer to write it as ##S_N=\sum_{k=1}^m...
I am quite sure at least some members here have their own particular way to go about learning a new topic or concept. But, does anyone have any advice for self learning something that is completely new or different without the help from classmates or a teacher about?
I am self learning math...
Homework Statement
I have this equations of motion, I have this equations of motion for a schwarchild black hole, I wish to use the 4th order Runge-Kutta method to solve them for a body falling to the black hole from a distance r0 and with L = 0. My problem is I am struggling to apply this...
I have seen two main different methods for finding the gradient of a vector from various websites but I'm not sure which one I should use or if the two are equivalent...
The first method involves multiplying the gradient vector (del) by the vector in question to form a matrix. I believe the...
Homework Statement
Homework Equations
Fourier and then V(output) = 4Vs/(n*3.14) * sin (nwt) where Vs is battery here it's 400V
Current = V(output) / X(L). Here X is 2*3.14*100*0.2
The Attempt at a Solution
I got V(output) = 4*400/3.14 = 509.55V This is fundamental Peak output voltage.
So...
Hi colleagues,
I need your help to figure out some subtle theory problmes I have about this topic.
I was thinking about a system composed by a conductive sphere (not grounded) under the effect of a pont charge placed near the sphere. As I know we need two image charges to satisfy the boundary...
I have a system of equations, and one of them is this : ##\int(1-U(y))Dy - H*\int(U(y)-U(y)^2)dy=0##
Can Newtons method work if I approximate this integral to be ##\sum_y(1-U(y))-H\sum(U(y)-U(y)^2)=0##
y is a set integers in range ##[1,1000]##
I have Newtons method working for this same system...
I previously made a derivation of Neumann potential. It can be found in the pdf file below. I originally made it in the ##dx## method. It involved equations like ##dm=I dS##. My maths teacher told that such an expression has no meaning, at least in elementary calculus. However I argued that my...
Homework Statement
Based on your understanding of Avogadro's law.
1000 L steel storage tank contains 88.5 kg of methane gas, CH4.
Calculate no. of moles.
The Attempt at a Solution
one method= no. of moles=mass/molar mass.
no. of moles= 88500/16.04= 5517.4 moles.other method= 1 mol= 22.4 liter...
Hello, I am assigned to write a code using bisection method (aka binary search method)
The equation is 10sin(x) - x^3 - N where N = 1,2,3,4,5,6,7
My code is
from math import sin
def neg(a, b):
return a*b> 0
def bisectx(funcx, lowx, highx,n):
assert not neg(funcx(lowx,n), funcx(highx,n))...
The Scientific Method says that if a theory disagrees with observations, it has been falsified (according to Karl Popper). String theory predicts that spacetime is 10-D, but it is observed to be 4-D. This is a wrong prediction by the theory. So string theory is falsified.
String theorists then...
What methods other than Light Dependent Resistor incorporation are there to determine the 'bulb state'? I'm guessing it's going to include the use of another type of optoelectric component?
Thanks
Hello everyone,
In the COMSOL v5.1 doc i haven't found the mathematical description on how does the automatic geometry analysis or the curvilinear coordinates adaptive method (it is mentioned that they are similar) works.
It would be convenient to have an idea about how does the Ecoil vector...
Equation
\varphi(x)=x+1-\int^{x}_0 \varphi(y)dy
If I start from ##\varphi_0(x)=1## or ##\varphi_0(x)=x+1## I will get solution of this equation using Picard method in following way
\varphi_1(x)=x+1-\int^{x}_0 \varphi_0(y)dy
\varphi_2(x)=x+1-\int^{x}_0 \varphi_1(y)dy
\varphi_3(x)=x+1-\int^{x}_0...
Homework Statement
Use Forbenius' method to solve this DE:
$$ 5x^2y''+xy'+(x^3-1)y=0$$
Homework Equations
Seek power series solution in the form ##y=\sum _{n=0}^{\infty } a_n x^{n+r}##, ##a_0\neq0##
The Attempt at a Solution
Sub in the ansatz y, get $$ \sum _{n=0}^{\infty...