Atom, Ion, Particle Basics for Beginners

In summary, an atom is made up of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons that are equal in number to the protons, making the atom electrically neutral. An ion is an atom with an unequal number of electrons, resulting in a charge. Removing protons from the nucleus requires more energy than removing electrons. A particle is a general term for sub-atomic components.
  • #1
sleepsleep
21
0
wish for "simple + beginner" explanation for atom, ion and particles and their relationship. thank you.
 
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  • #2
In simplest of terms, an atom is the nucleus (protons+neutrons) surrounded by a bunch of electrons (with number protons = number of electrons), so that the atom as a whole is electrically neutral.

An ion is an atom with one or more electrons missing/in excess. Usually, it is the electrons which are the reason for the charge because a lot of energy has to spent in removing protons from the nucleus, while the energy in removing electrons (this process is known as Ionisation, or Ionization if you prefer) is comparatively much less.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionization

Particle is a generic term referring to constituents of the sub-atomic world. For more details, take a look at this site...
http://particleadventure.org/particleadventure/

EDIT: Changed neutrons to electrons
 
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  • #3
neutrino said:
Particle is a generic term referring to constituents of the sub-atomic world. For more details, take a look at this site...
http://particleadventure.org/particleadventure/

really nice and great website ! thanks a lot
 
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FAQ: Atom, Ion, Particle Basics for Beginners

1. What is an atom?

An atom is the smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element. It is made up of a nucleus containing positively charged protons and neutral neutrons, surrounded by negatively charged electrons.

2. How are atoms different from ions?

Atoms are electrically neutral, meaning they have an equal number of protons and electrons. Ions, on the other hand, have an unequal number of protons and electrons, giving them a net positive or negative charge.

3. What is a particle?

A particle is a general term used to describe any small unit of matter. This can include atoms, ions, and even subatomic particles such as protons, neutrons, and electrons.

4. How are particles classified?

Particles can be classified based on their composition and properties. For example, atoms can be classified into elements based on their atomic number, while ions can be classified into cations or anions based on their charge.

5. Why are atoms, ions, and particles important?

Atoms, ions, and particles are important because they make up all matter in the universe. Understanding their properties and behavior allows us to better understand and manipulate the world around us, leading to advancements in technology and scientific discoveries.

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