Calculating the gravitational acceleration

In summary, when calculating the gravitational acceleration between two objects of comparable mass, it is necessary to find the accelerations caused by gravity for both objects before calculating the acceleration of the objects towards each other. This is because the essential principle is that F = ma only works in an inertial frame, so the accelerations must be calculated from the point of view of a fixed observer. It is not accurate to assume that one body is fixed unless it is significantly heavier than the other.
  • #1
wrongusername
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When calculating the gravitational acceleration between two objects of comparable mass, should I find the acceleration caused by gravity for both masses and then add the accelerations togeether, or should I just find the acceleration for one of the masses? I was thinking that since there's a gravitational force acting on both objects, I should find the accelerations caused by gravity for both objects before getting the acceleration of the objects towards each other.
 
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  • #2
wrongusername said:
When calculating the gravitational acceleration between two objects of comparable mass … I was thinking that since there's a gravitational force acting on both objects, I should find the accelerations caused by gravity for both objects before getting the acceleration of the objects towards each other.

Hi wrongusername! :wink:

Yes. :smile:

The essential principle is that (unless you're working in general relativity, which I'm assuming you're not) F = ma etc only works in an inertial frame.

So you can't calculate on the basis that one body is fixed (unless of course it's sooo much heavier than the other, eg the Earth and you, that it's as good as fixed).

Calculate each acceleration from the point of view of a fixed observer, and proceed from there. :wink:
 
  • #3
tiny-tim said:
Hi wrongusername! :wink:

Yes. :smile:

The essential principle is that (unless you're working in general relativity, which I'm assuming you're not) F = ma etc only works in an inertial frame.

So you can't calculate on the basis that one body is fixed (unless of course it's sooo much heavier than the other, eg the Earth and you, that it's as good as fixed).

Calculate each acceleration from the point of view of a fixed observer, and proceed from there. :wink:

Thank you for the explanation! :smile:
 

FAQ: Calculating the gravitational acceleration

What is gravitational acceleration?

Gravitational acceleration is the acceleration due to gravity, which is the force that pulls objects towards the center of the Earth. It is also known as the acceleration of free fall and has a constant value of 9.8 meters per second squared.

How is gravitational acceleration calculated?

Gravitational acceleration can be calculated using the formula a = GM/r², where G is the gravitational constant (6.67 x 10^-11 m^3/kg/s^2), M is the mass of the planet or object, and r is the distance between the center of mass of the planet or object and the object experiencing the gravitational force.

Is gravitational acceleration the same everywhere on Earth?

No, gravitational acceleration can vary slightly depending on an object's location on Earth. It is affected by factors such as altitude, latitude, and local geology. However, these variations are very small and can be considered constant for most practical purposes.

How does the mass of an object affect gravitational acceleration?

The mass of an object does not affect its gravitational acceleration. The acceleration due to gravity is solely dependent on the mass of the larger object (such as a planet or star) that is exerting the gravitational force.

What are the units of measurement for gravitational acceleration?

The SI unit for gravitational acceleration is meters per second squared (m/s²). However, it can also be measured in other units such as feet per second squared (ft/s²) or centimeters per second squared (cm/s²).

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