Can a Completely Inelastic Collision Be Elastic?

In summary, a completely inelastic collision, such as when a bullet and metal ball stick together after being fired from a gun, does not conserve kinetic energy. This is because the collision is not elastic, as the two objects stick together. However, energy is still conserved in the system, as the lost kinetic energy is transformed into other forms, such as thermal energy.
  • #1
ehrenfest
2,020
1

Homework Statement


Is it true that a completely inelastic collision can be elastic (i.e. KE could be conserved) such as when you fire a gun at a metal ball at rest and the bullet and the metal ball stick togethor? Isn't completely inelastic somewhat of a misnomer since it implies that the collision is not elastic?

Homework Equations


The Attempt at a Solution

 
Physics news on Phys.org
  • #2
ehrenfest said:
Is it true that a completely inelastic collision can be elastic (i.e. KE could be conserved) such as when you fire a gun at a metal ball at rest and the bullet and the metal ball stick togethor?
No. What makes think KE is conserved in that situation? Do the calculation and find out for yourself.

Isn't completely inelastic somewhat of a misnomer since it implies that the collision is not elastic?
Well, it's not elastic--they stick together! KE is not conserved.
 
  • #3
Why does the fact that they stick togethor require that KE is not conserved?
 
  • #4
ehrenfest said:
Why does the fact that they stick togethor require that KE is not conserved?
Just do the calculation! Use conservation of momentum:

[tex]m_1\vec{v}_1 + m_2\vec{v}_2 = (m_1 + m_2)\vec{v}_f[/tex]

Then compare initial and final KE. Keep it simple if you like, let v_2 = 0 and assume that all motion takes place along a single dimension.
 
  • #5
OK. I did the calculation and I see that KE gets lost. But, in general, in a closed system, energy must be conserved, so that KE gets transformed to the energy in chemical bonds that holds the two units together, correct?
 
  • #6
When we say KE is "lost" we are talking about macroscopic translational KE. Of course, that energy isn't really lost--it's transformed mainly into thermal energy.
 

FAQ: Can a Completely Inelastic Collision Be Elastic?

What is a completely inelastic collision?

A completely inelastic collision is a type of collision in physics where two objects collide and stick together after the collision. This means that the two objects become one object and move together with a common velocity.

How is momentum conserved in a completely inelastic collision?

In a completely inelastic collision, the total momentum of the system before the collision is equal to the total momentum of the system after the collision. This is because the two objects stick together and move as one, so their combined momentum remains the same.

What is the difference between a completely inelastic collision and a partially inelastic collision?

In a completely inelastic collision, the two objects stick together after the collision and move with a common velocity. In a partially inelastic collision, the two objects may stick together but not move with a common velocity, or they may bounce off each other with reduced velocities.

Can kinetic energy be conserved in a completely inelastic collision?

No, kinetic energy is not conserved in a completely inelastic collision. Some of the kinetic energy of the system is converted into other forms of energy, such as heat or sound, during the collision.

How does the coefficient of restitution relate to completely inelastic collisions?

The coefficient of restitution is a measure of how much kinetic energy is conserved in a collision. In a completely inelastic collision, the coefficient of restitution is 0, meaning that no kinetic energy is conserved. This is because the objects stick together and there is no rebounding or bouncing.

Similar threads

Replies
2
Views
2K
Replies
21
Views
2K
Replies
4
Views
2K
Replies
1
Views
882
Replies
10
Views
1K
Replies
16
Views
3K
Back
Top