COVID-19 Coronavirus Containment Efforts

In summary, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is closely monitoring an outbreak of respiratory illness caused by a novel (new) Coronavirus named 2019-nCoV. Cases have been identified in a growing number of other locations, including the United States. CDC will update the following U.S. map daily. Information regarding the number of people under investigation will be updated regularly on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays.
  • #141
mfb said:
Maybe they just don't have much exchange with China.

Singapore stays the only place outside China that regularly gets new cases. The international case count is at 520, with just two deaths (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:2019%E2%80%9320_Wuhan_coronavirus_data/International_medical_cases). Meanwhile China reports 60,000 cases and 1355 deaths. The distribution in time is somewhat similar so this doesn't explain the difference. China is missing most infections, underreporting the number of infections, other places didn't report deaths or overreported infections, or China has a much higher death rate than other places.
Why would the death rate in China bevso much higher than that of the rest of the world; around 5x in China?
 
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  • #142
kadiot said:
Would you know the expert's basis for 60%? Any forecast ought to have assumptions and basis to support the % number. I'm looking for that one even if mostly qualitative.
From the story:

“Prof Gabriel Leung, the chair of public health medicine at Hong Kong University, said the overriding question was to figure out the size and shape of the iceberg. Most experts thought that each person infected would go on to transmit the virus to about 2.5 other people. That gave an “attack rate” of 60-80%.”

Apparently its just a mathematical prediction that results from an R0 of ~2.5.

Later in the story he says,

“Epidemiologists and modellers were trying to figure out what was likely to happen, said Leung. “Is 60-80% of the world’s population going to get infected? Maybe not. Maybe this will come in waves. Maybe the virus is going to attenuate its lethality because it certainly doesn’t help it if it kills everybody in its path, because it will get killed as well,” he said.”

Looks like the headline is clickbait.
 
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  • #143
chemisttree said:
We’ve just had a news story in San Antonio that the city will hold an unscheduled news conference tomorrow morning at 10:00 am. When asked if it was to report a case of nCoV the representative said they, “...could neither confirm nor deny.”
They got a plane where 250 people were put into quarantine. Could just be an update on their status.
chemisttree said:
“...this will not lead to a surge in the number of new cases.”

Oops!
Well, of course you get a one-time jump when changing the criteria.
 
  • #144
It won’t likely be a one time jump. It will probably be a change in slope of the curve of new cases. They are adding additional cases that used to include only RNA test results, those being potentially throttled by the scarcity of test kits, but now also include clinical diagnoses (CT scans, cough, fever) that aren’t subject to the scarcity of test kits. We’re going to see numbers somewhat closer to reality but potentially miss the asymptomatic or mild cases that aren’t tested.
 
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  • #145
Still waiting for a story about treating patients with chloroquine. Chloroquine is much more available and cheaper since its generic.
 
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  • #146
WWGD said:
Why would the death rate in China bevso much higher than that of the rest of the world; around 5x in China?
According to mfb's Monday post from the NY Times

mfb said:
If they can only run 6000 tests per day in all of Hubei (?) and if that test is needed to confirm a case (?) it is no surprise that we don't see an exponential increase any more.
4000 new confirmed cases per day from 6000 tests?

If 2 out of 3 people are testing positive, then potentially 2 our of 3 people in Hubei are already infected.
I seem to recall that about half of the population skipped town early on, which would leave around 5 million people, yielding 3.3 million infected people. From that, and eyeballing the deaths curve, I'm guessing a mortality rate of 0.1%, or 1 death per 1000 confirmed infections. This would mean it's roughly 10 times more lethal than the common flu. [ref: kpp 14.4/100k in the USA]

This may be way over exaggerated, but the current death rates indicate to me that the infection rate in Hubei is way under exaggerated.

There are 9 provinces with 2600 confirmed cases, yet no deaths.
At the Hubei rate of 1 death per 37 cases, 70 of those people should be dead.
The mortality rate in the remaining 20 provinces, is about 1 death per 160 confirmed cases.
 
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  • #147
OmCheeto said:
If 2 out of 3 people are testing positive, then potentially 2 our of 3 people in Hubei are already infected.
With limited capacity for tests the priority would be to test only the already sick (with respiratory illness similar to the expected symptoms) part of the population, not the whole population.
 
  • #148
OmCheeto said:
According to mfb's Monday post from the NY Times
If 2 out of 3 people are testing positive, then potentially 2 our of 3 people in Hubei are already infected.
I seem to recall that about half of the population skipped town early on, which would leave around 5 million people, yielding 3.3 million infected people. From that, and eyeballing the deaths curve, I'm guessing a mortality rate of 0.1%, or 1 death per 1000 confirmed infections. This would mean it's roughly 10 times more lethal than the common flu. [ref: kpp 14.4/100k in the USA]

This may be way over exaggerated, but the current death rates indicate to me that the infection rate in Hubei is way under exaggerated.

There are 9 provinces with 2600 confirmed cases, yet no deaths.
At the Hubei rate of 1 death per 37 cases, 70 of those people should be dead.
The mortality rate in the remaining 20 provinces, is about 1 death per 160 confirmed cases.
All of these are numbers are complicated by self selection and don’t represent the actual numbers. Someone feeling REALLY bad is going to the hospital for testing (filter #1). Some are tested and potentially hospitalized (filter #2). Of that cohort some die (filter #3) and are counted. Some reports indicate that someone found dead on the street or dead at home weren’t being counted at all. Cause of death listed as “pneumonia” rather than nCoV. Even at the hospitals it is reported that confirmed cases with underlying conditions, COPD, heart disease, for example, are listing those conditions as cause of death. At one crematorium (of the several?) around Wuhan a worker reported as many as 60% of the bodies are coming in from people’s homes. Of the death certificates he had, 48 were “suspected nCoV” and only 8 were reported as nCoV fatalities. The fatality rate is being underreported as well so not much can be said at all. He reported that he was seeing 4X-5X more bodies than usual and that he was burning 116 per day as of a few days ago. Take 25% off that number gives us a minimum of 87 bodies more than usual. At one crematorium! He reports another crematorium even busier than his! Just those two are burning nearly 200 bodies a day extra! There are something like 8 crematoriums in Wuhan I believe? These reported numbers are crazy and not much can be divined from them.
 
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  • #149
mfb said:
They got a plane where 250 people were put into quarantine. Could just be an update on their status.
Yep! It was an update on their status. One of them tested positive, now the US’s 15th case of nCoV.😕

Hug your kids, guys...
 
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  • #150
On February 11, 2020 the World Health Organization announced an official name for the disease that is causing the current outbreak of Coronavirus disease, COVID-19. CDC will be updating our website and other CDC materials to reflect the updated name.

[. . .]

###
https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-nCoV/summary.html
 
  • #151
OmCheeto said:
There are 9 provinces with 2600 confirmed cases, yet no deaths.
...And I have a bridge I’d like to sell you!
 
  • #152
chemisttree said:
...And I have a bridge I’d like to sell you!
No thanks.

Btw, did you notice that if you ignore the numbers out of Hubei, the mortality rate in China and the rest of the world matches very closely. I found that interesting.

Screen Shot 2020-02-13 at 11.56.09 PM.png


This is also interesting. In wiki's "List of human disease case fatality rates", they've got lots of "tildes". I'm guessing that means there's some variability to be expected.
CFRDisease
~1%Mumps encephalitis
~1%Pertussis

Ha! I just noticed COVID-19 already has an entry:

CFR: 2% according to China's Ministry of Health. Other estimates range from 0.1% to 15%.

I guess my new 0.5% estimate fits in there.
 
  • #153
OmCheeto said:
There are 9 provinces with 2600 confirmed cases, yet no deaths.
At the Hubei rate of 1 death per 37 cases, 70 of those people should be dead.
The mortality rate in the remaining 20 provinces, is about 1 death per 160 confirmed cases.
I was thinking about death cases. Perhaps the virus spread by animals? The high fatalities on animal-human infection, less fatalities on Human-human infection. And human-animal reversal infection impossible?
 
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  • #154
Instead of those speculations I would rather suspect the local authorities first: nobody wants to end like Wuhan (city), so things will be kept under the rug as long as possible.
 
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  • #155
OmCheeto said:
Btw, did you notice that if you ignore the numbers out of Hubei, the mortality rate in China and the rest of the world matches very closely. I found that interesting.

GIGO is GIGO regardless of province. I only believe the numbers that have absolutely no connection to China at this point. And that indicates its easy to transmit, a large fraction of patients have a mild case with minimal symptoms and a fairly low death rate if heroic measures are employed. The first patient in the US was given Remdesivir for crying out loud! How many in China have that level of care?

Mumps and pertussis have effective vaccines. Danger isn’t even in the same league, in my opinion.
 
  • #157
chemisttree said:
...The first patient in the US was given Remdesivir for crying out loud! How many in China have that level of care?
...

I don't know, as they didn't provide a number.

U.S. officials confirmed last week that physicians in Wuhan, China, have begun testing an experimental drug called remdesivir on Coronavirus patients.

[ref: Washington Post]
 
  • #158
kadiot said:
How can "patient zero" be from Singapore? Singapore does not have exotic meats market.

It’s obviously a person to person transmission. There were Wuhan attendees at the conference.
 
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  • #159
chemisttree said:
It’s obviously a person to person transmission. There were Wuhan attendees at the conference.
Thanks. This is understood. However, community outbreak seems inevitable because, look, in the Philippines, the Department of Health (DOH) started the contact tracing coverage (4 seats in front and 4 seats in back of the patient on the plane, which is appropriate for droplet transmission protocols. They contacted 100% of those guys within 48 hours (the 17% of the ENTIRE plane). It was later that they MODIFIED it to include the whole plane in case the patient MAY have walked around. Close contact definitions preclude casual contact but they expanded it TO BE SURE. Problem is how DOH-investigators will be able to trace the movement of infected persons from the time the plane landed to the discovery of infection. This is of course an ideal case scenario, and would never happen in actual reality, but going to fictitious extremes sometimes puts certain things into a better perspective. Any lapses on tracing movement means there is a possibility of spread then it will multiply. Now, let's go back to Singapore setting, why not make it a given that outbreak is inevitable? What would be the next step? I think, that way, we have a better chance of winning this fight. Hunting on a Patient Zero merely distract us from the larger and more important task like containment and treatment.
 
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  • #161
Another positive developments for treating Covid-19

 
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  • #162
kadiot said:
I hope this is already true. But it looks like they already have the vaccine before the virus was released.

https://www.foxbusiness.com/technology/california-lab-coronavirus-vaccine-3-hours
Making a vaccine is pretty easy. Showing that it is safe and effective is the hard part (manufacturing and distributing mass quantities is also hard).

The article says that the company plans to start phase I trials (the shortest and easiest of the three phases of clinical testing) in the summer, when hopefully the outbreak is already abating.
 
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  • #163
Ygggdrasil said:
Making a vaccine is pretty easy. Showing that it is safe and effective is the hard part (manufacturing and distributing mass quantities is also hard).

The article says that the company plans to start phase I trials (the shortest and easiest of the three phases of clinical testing) in the summer, when hopefully the outbreak is already abating.
With AI and other advanced technology, would it be possible to develop vaccines and release them immediately whilst still being safe?
 
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  • #167
BWV said:
a real test will be if the virus established itself in warmer clients like Singapore and India, which would imply that it won't simply go away with spring like a typical flu virus
Looks like the weather factor is not so plausible. A virus can leave only inside an organic cell unlike bacteria which can live in many different environments. A virus can only replicate from inside a human cell it successfully penetrate. A virus cannot live by itself unlike a bacteria.
 
  • #168
kadiot said:
With AI and other advanced technology, would it be possible to develop vaccines and release them immediately whilst still being safe?
How do you think AI would help speed up this process?
 
  • #169
kadiot said:
Looks like the weather factor is not so plausible. A virus can leave only inside an organic cell unlike bacteria which can live in many different environments. A virus can only replicate from inside a human cell it successfully penetrate. A virus cannot live by itself unlike a bacteria.
The flu has clear seasonal patterns in places with seasons. It's not so much how the virus reacts to the temperature, it's how the people react to it: Spend more time indoors, in closer contact with others, and so on.
 
  • #170
I hope the situation improves and the Coronavirus manace disappears by April or May. My nightmare is reading one day this tweet "We are now facing a global threat the likes of which the world has never seen before. But rest assured they will be met by fire and brimstone..."

Can normal fire destroy viruses? what temperature before they are extinguished?
 
  • #171
Author :Dr Takeshi Kasai
Regional Director for the Western Pacific
World Health Organization

Coronavirus outbreak shows Asia needs to step up infection preparation

Region is safer after epidemic lessons but new diseases always arising


15 January 2020

[. . .]

###
https://www.who.int/westernpacific/news/commentaries/detail-hq/china-virus-outbreak-shows-asia-needs-to-step-up-infection-preparation
 
  • #172
Singapore appears to be experiencing geometric growth with cases doubling every 6-7 days. Same with Japan but that includes the cases from the cruise ship which complicates things a bit.

If it holds in Singapore, they will be at ~100 cases in 3 or 4 days. If they have an asymptomatic super spreader things will develop quickly. Not good news.
https://www.gov.sg/article/covid-19-cases-in-singapore

I have been so impressed with the Singapore Government’s transparency and flow of information. Really a model for how outbreaks should be handled!
 
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  • #173
Doesn't look very exponential to me. The linear fit is not worse than the exponential one:

singapore.png
 
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  • #174
The first 20 cases were imported and should be excluded from the curve fitting probably.
 
  • #175
If you just take the last 10 days you can fit anything to it. A linear fit works very well for them.
 

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