Does Friction at the Axis of Rotation Affect Torque Calculation?

In summary, the conversation discusses the solution to a question in a textbook about a spool of wire being unwound under a constant force. The solution involves calculating the acceleration of the center of mass and the force of friction. However, there is confusion about whether the torque caused by friction should be included in the calculation. The conversation concludes with the realization that friction acts at the axis of rotation and therefore does not create any torque.
  • #1
lillybeans
68
1
A question in my textbook made me think:

A spool of wire of mass M and radius R resting on some surface is unwound under a constant force F. Assume the spool is a uniform solid cylinder that doesn't slip, show that a) the acceleration of the center of mass is 4F/3M and b) the force of friction is to the right and equal in magnitude to F/3.


30d849k.jpg

I solved both part a) and b) correctly, but now a contradiction arises.

in part a), I set: Tf=Ia, where Tf is the torque generated by F. So I wrote (RF=Ia, then solved from there.) But now I'm wondering why did I get the right answer when I didn't include the torque caused by friction in the opposite direction. Clearly, there is friction, or otherwise the thing would be slipping. If there is friction, it would produce a torque in the counterclockwise direction, no? so for net torque, shouldn't I have written:

Tnet= Tf-TFf=Ia instead of Tf=Ia? But if I do that, I won't get the right answer!

So if part A is solved without friction, why are they asking for force of friction in part B? isn't that kind of strange that in part a) we assume friction produce no negative torque but in part b) it impedes the motion? In part b) I wrote "F-Ff=ma" and solved from there. Why do we not include torque caused by friction in part A when solving for net torque?

In fact, when do we EVER include torque caused by friction in the calculation of these problems? Am I double counting friction here?
 
Physics news on Phys.org
  • #2
Sorry everyone, I just had an ah-ha moment 2 picoseconds after I clicked submit reply.

Friction acts at the axis of rotation, thus T=R*Ff=0 since R=0.

My bad!
 

FAQ: Does Friction at the Axis of Rotation Affect Torque Calculation?

How does friction produce torque?

Friction produces torque by creating a resistance force that acts against the rotation of an object. This creates a moment arm, or distance from the point of rotation, which results in a torque force.

What is the relationship between friction and torque?

The relationship between friction and torque is that friction is required for torque to occur. Without friction, there would be no resistance force to create the moment arm needed for torque.

Can friction produce both positive and negative torque?

Yes, friction can produce both positive and negative torque depending on the direction of the force and the direction of the rotation. If the force and rotation are in the same direction, it produces positive torque, and if they are in opposite directions, it produces negative torque.

How does the coefficient of friction affect torque?

The coefficient of friction affects torque by determining the amount of resistance force that is created. A higher coefficient of friction means a greater resistance force, resulting in a larger torque force.

Does the surface material affect the torque produced by friction?

Yes, the surface material can affect the torque produced by friction. Different materials have different coefficients of friction, which can affect the amount of resistance force and therefore the torque produced. For example, a surface with a higher coefficient of friction will produce more torque than a surface with a lower coefficient of friction.

Similar threads

Replies
5
Views
1K
Replies
10
Views
2K
Replies
20
Views
2K
Replies
2
Views
2K
Replies
19
Views
2K
Replies
42
Views
3K
Replies
5
Views
726
Replies
90
Views
4K
Back
Top