Dynamics with Polar coordinates

In summary, the conversation discusses finding the angle and components of velocity in a physics problem. The general method of using logic and trigonometry is suggested, along with specific equations like the cosine and sine rules. Derivatives are also mentioned as a way to find the second derivative and solve the problem.
  • #1
Larrytsai
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Hey guys,
I have attached the question with the diagram.
So far i have found my magnitude of velocity = 90mm/s.
im just really stuck now, i can't find my angle to find my components Vr and V(theta)
I also know that you can solve this problem by finding a relationship between theta and "r", with the cosine law, but i have done that method, and i want to figure this out the way that is applicable to all questions. Thnx =)
 

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  • #2
Hey Larrytsai! :smile:

(have a theta: θ and a beta: β :wink:)
Larrytsai said:
… i want to figure this out the way that is applicable to all questions. Thnx =)

General method: just be logical, draw any right-angles you need to help you, and give everything names.

So draw the perpendicular from A to BC, call the foot of that perpendicular D, and use elementary trig. :smile:
 
  • #3
According to cosine rule
r^2 = a^2 + b^2 -2*a*b*cosβ.
Find the derivative to get dr/dt. Find the second derivative to find d^2r/dt^2
Next according to sine rule
r/sinβ = a/sinθ or
r*sinθ = a*sinβ
Find the derivative to get dθ/dt. The second derivative will give you the remaining answers.
 

FAQ: Dynamics with Polar coordinates

What are polar coordinates and how are they different from cartesian coordinates?

Polar coordinates are a system of representing points in a plane using a distance from the origin and an angle. They are different from cartesian coordinates, which use x and y coordinates, in that they are based on a radial distance and an angular measure.

How do you convert between polar and cartesian coordinates?

To convert from polar coordinates to cartesian coordinates, you can use the formulas x = r*cos(theta) and y = r*sin(theta). To convert from cartesian coordinates to polar coordinates, you can use the formulas r = sqrt(x^2 + y^2) and theta = tan^-1(y/x).

How do you graph equations in polar coordinates?

To graph equations in polar coordinates, you can plot points by assigning values to r and theta, and then connecting these points with a smooth curve. It is important to note that the scale on the axes will not be uniform since the distance from the origin is not constant.

What are some common applications of polar coordinates in science and engineering?

Polar coordinates are commonly used in fields such as physics, engineering, and astronomy to describe the motion of objects in circular or rotational motion. They are also used in navigation and mapping, as well as in the study of electromagnetic fields.

How do dynamics with polar coordinates differ from dynamics with cartesian coordinates?

Dynamics with polar coordinates involve solving equations of motion using the radial distance and angular velocity, while dynamics with cartesian coordinates use acceleration and velocity in the x and y directions. Polar coordinates are useful for studying rotational motion, while cartesian coordinates are better suited for linear motion.

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