Energy Conservation in RLC circuit

In summary: After the integrations, I get I^{2}R = A^{2}C^{2}ω^{2}R(e^{-2αt}sin^{2}(ωt) + \frac{2α}{ω}e^{-2αt}sin(ωt)cos(ωt) + \frac{α^{2}}{ω^{2}}e^{-2αt}cos^{2}(ωt))
  • #1
Opus_723
178
3

Homework Statement



Assume the current in a series RLC circuit is given by I = ACω(sin(ωt) + [itex]\frac{α}{ω}[/itex]cos(ωt))e[itex]^{-αt}[/itex].

Calculate the energy stored in the circuit at t=0. Then calculate the energy stored in the circuit one-quarter cycle later, at t=[itex]\frac{\pi}{2ω}[/itex].

Verfiy that the difference is equal to the energy dissipated in the resistor R during this interval.

For this problem, assume the damping is slight, that is, that [itex]\frac{α}{ω}[/itex] << 1, and neglect quantities proportional to α[itex]^{2}[/itex].

The Attempt at a Solution



I'm pretty sure I have the first part right, since it seems like a straightforward use of [itex]\frac{CV^{2}}{2}[/itex] + [itex]\frac{LI^{2}}{2}[/itex]. A couple of e[itex]^{-αt}[/itex]'s simplify to 1 when you plug in 0 and [itex]\frac{\pi}{2ω}[/itex] for t since [itex]\frac{α}{ω}[/itex] << 1.

But for the next part, I think they're asking me to integrate I[itex]^{2}[/itex]Rdt over the interval, and I am not seeing how to approach that integral. Expanding the equation for I to get I[itex]^{2}[/itex] just makes a mess no matter what small terms I ignore. I don't know if I'm just being clumsy with my math or if I'm approaching it wrong. I even tried using complex numbers to represent the power but I ended up with a nonsensical answer. Any advice on tackling this part of the problem?
 
Physics news on Phys.org
  • #2
I am not sure what mess you are getting. After the expansion, you should get three terms, one of which gets neglected, the other two are readily integrated. What is the difficulty you are having?
 
  • #3
Well, after expanding, I get I[itex]^{2}[/itex]R = A[itex]^{2}[/itex]C[itex]^{2}[/itex]ω[itex]^{2}[/itex]R(e[itex]^{-2αt}[/itex]sin[itex]^{2}[/itex](ωt) + [itex]\frac{2α}{ω}[/itex]e[itex]^{-2αt}[/itex]sin(ωt)cos(ωt) + [itex]\frac{α^{2}}{ω^{2}}[/itex]e[itex]^{-2αt}[/itex]cos[itex]^{2}[/itex](ωt))

Of course the last term in the parentheses can be dropped, but I don't know how to integrate the other two. It's probably simple, but I'm not seeing it.
 
Last edited:
  • #4
EDIT: Sorry for the double post. Computer froze. Is there any way to delete these?
 
  • #5
Convert the trigonometric products to functions of double angle, then integrate the exp-trig products by parts - if you have to, otherwise those products are frequently given in tables of integrals.
 
  • #6
Ah, thank you. I always forget my trig identities, and then I feel silly.
 

FAQ: Energy Conservation in RLC circuit

What is an RLC circuit?

An RLC circuit is an electrical circuit that contains a resistor (R), an inductor (L), and a capacitor (C). These components are connected in series or parallel and form a closed loop that allows the flow of electrical energy.

How does energy conservation apply to an RLC circuit?

Energy conservation is a fundamental principle in physics that states energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another. In an RLC circuit, this means that the total energy stored in the circuit must remain constant, even as it is transferred between the different components.

What is the role of the resistor in energy conservation in an RLC circuit?

The resistor in an RLC circuit serves to dissipate energy in the form of heat. It acts as a sort of "brake" on the circuit, limiting the flow of electrical energy and causing some of it to be converted to heat. This helps to maintain the balance of energy in the circuit.

How does energy conservation affect the behavior of an RLC circuit?

Energy conservation plays a crucial role in determining the behavior of an RLC circuit. As energy is transferred between the different components, it causes changes in the voltage and current in the circuit. These changes can result in phenomena such as oscillation, resonance, and damping, depending on the values of the components and the frequency of the input signal.

How can we maximize energy conservation in an RLC circuit?

To maximize energy conservation in an RLC circuit, it is important to choose components with optimal values and to use efficient wiring and connections. Additionally, reducing resistance and minimizing energy loss through heat can help to improve energy conservation in the circuit. Proper maintenance and calibration of the circuit can also help to ensure that energy is being conserved effectively.

Similar threads

Back
Top