Exploring Conservation of Momentum in Collisions: Analyzing Possible Outcomes

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In summary, the conversation discusses the concept of conservation of momentum in a collision between two objects, A and B. The possible situations that could occur are: A and B moving in the same direction, A and B moving in opposite directions, A moving and B stationary, A stationary and B moving, and both A and B being stationary. The conversation also explores the idea of elastic collisions and the violation of conservation of momentum in certain scenarios.
  • #1
Meowzers
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So, I am trying to grasp the concept of conservation of momentum. I need someone to just look over my reasonings (and correct me for any errors) for the following situation.

Let's say there are two objects, A and B. A is moving and then it has a head-on collision with object B, which is stationary. There are no external forces acting upon the objects. So, I'm trying to figure out which of the following situations are possible.

-A and B move in the same direction - I say this is possible if object A has a mass that is much greater than B. This way, when the objects collide, object A's velocity barely gets changed after colliding with B.

-A and B move in opposite directions - This is possible - I saw a lot of demonstrations showing this result.

-A moves and B is stationary - I think this is possible. It's like the reverse of the first situation. The mass of A is a lot smaller than B so that it just bounces off B.

-A is stationary and B moves - I think this is possible. Elastic collision? It's like that toy where you pull back one ball, and the one on the opposite end flies off at the same veleocity.

-A and B are both stationary - This one I'm not sure about. Isn't it possible that the KE turns into other forms of energy. But then, the conservation of energy formula wouldn't work.

m1v1 + m2(0) = m1(0) + m2(0)
m1v1 = 0. That means the ball either has no mass or no velocity, which wouldn't work for the problem.
 
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  • #2
Your thinking is not bad when you say B could be stationary when A is much less massive than B, but in fact B has to move some. Even the Earth moves under you feet when you jump up and down.

The last one would violate conservation of momentum. The masses could stick together, with almost all the energy being lost, but even if they stick they both have to move.
 
  • #3
Thank you very much for your help!
 
  • #4
Meowzers said:
-A moves and B is stationary - I think this is possible. It's like the reverse of the first situation. The mass of A is a lot smaller than B so that it just bounces off B.

If A has momentum moving towards the right, hits B, and moves towards the left, what happened to its momentum?
 

FAQ: Exploring Conservation of Momentum in Collisions: Analyzing Possible Outcomes

What is momentum?

Momentum is a physics concept that describes the quantity of motion an object has. It takes into account the mass and velocity of an object and is represented by the equation p = m * v, where p is momentum, m is mass, and v is velocity.

How is momentum different from velocity?

Velocity is a measure of an object's speed and direction, while momentum is a measure of the object's mass in motion. Velocity only considers the speed and direction of an object, while momentum also takes into account the object's mass.

What is the conservation of momentum?

The conservation of momentum is a fundamental law of physics that states that the total momentum of a system remains constant if there are no external forces acting on it. This means that the total momentum before an event must be equal to the total momentum after the event.

How is momentum useful in understanding collisions?

Momentum is essential in understanding collisions because it helps us predict the outcome of a collision. According to the law of conservation of momentum, the total momentum before and after a collision must be equal. This allows us to calculate the velocities of objects after the collision and understand how they will interact.

Can momentum be negative?

Yes, momentum can be negative. This usually occurs when an object is moving in the opposite direction of the chosen reference point. In this case, the momentum is considered negative because it is moving in the opposite direction of the chosen positive direction.

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