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A capacitor is an electronic component that stores electrical energy in the form of an electric charge. It consists of two conductive plates separated by an insulator, known as a dielectric.
The charge on a capacitor is calculated by multiplying the capacitance (measured in farads) by the voltage across the capacitor (measured in volts). It can be expressed as Q = CV, where Q is the charge, C is the capacitance, and V is the voltage.
The charge on a capacitor is directly proportional to the current flowing through it. This means that as the charge on the capacitor increases, the current flowing through it also increases, and vice versa.
The current flowing through a capacitor can be found by taking the derivative of the charge with respect to time. It can also be calculated by dividing the voltage across the capacitor by the capacitance, using the formula I = V/C.
As a capacitor gets charged, the potential difference between its plates increases, causing the electric field to become stronger. Eventually, the electric field becomes strong enough to prevent any more charge from flowing, resulting in the current through the capacitor stopping.
