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Dielectric flux density, also known as electric displacement, is a measure of the electric flux per unit area of a material. It is a vector quantity that describes the ability of a material to store electrical energy when an electric field is applied to it.
Dielectric flux density is calculated by dividing the electric flux by the area perpendicular to the direction of the electric field. Mathematically, it is represented as D = εE, where D is the electric displacement, ε is the permittivity of the material, and E is the electric field strength.
The ability to polarize, also known as polarizability, refers to the ability of an atom or molecule to be distorted by an external electric field, creating a separation of positive and negative charges. This results in the material becoming polarized and able to store electric energy.
The ability to polarize is measured by the polarizability of a material, which is a measure of the ease with which the material can be polarized. It is typically represented by the Greek letter α and is measured in units of volume per unit electric field (m^3/V).
Dielectric flux density and the ability to polarize are affected by factors such as the type of material, its molecular structure, temperature, and the strength of the applied electric field. Materials with higher permittivity and polarizability will have higher dielectric flux density and ability to polarize.
