Gradient of a potential energy function

In summary, the derivative of \frac{Q}{4\pi \epsilon_0 r} is \frac{-1}{r^2}. The derivative of ln(x) is \frac{1}{x}.
  • #1
Radarithm
Gold Member
158
2

Homework Statement


Find the derivative of [tex]\frac{Q}{4\pi \epsilon_0 r}[/tex]


Homework Equations


[tex]\frac{d}{dx} \frac{1}{x}=\ln x[/tex]


The Attempt at a Solution



Assuming [itex]Q[/itex] and the rest of the variables under it are constant, [tex]\frac{Q}{4\pi \epsilon_0}\frac{1}{r}[/tex] then the derivative should be [itex]\ln r[/itex]. I am taking the gradient of a potential energy function but since it is in one dimension ([itex]r[/itex] in this case isn't a 2-3 dimensional vector) it is the same as taking the derivative. Is my answer correct or did I make a mistake somewhere?
 
Physics news on Phys.org
  • #2
You have it the wrong way around.

[tex]\frac{d}{dx}\ln{x}=\frac{1}{x}[/tex]
 
  • Like
Likes 1 person
  • #3
Mentallic said:
You have it the wrong way around.

[tex]\frac{d}{dx}\ln{x}=\frac{1}{x}[/tex]

Yep, thanks for correcting me. The derivative is then [tex]\frac{-1}{r^2}[/tex] from the power rule, correct?
 
  • #4
Correct.
 

FAQ: Gradient of a potential energy function

What is the gradient of a potential energy function?

The gradient of a potential energy function is a vector that represents the rate of change of potential energy with respect to the position coordinates. It points in the direction of the steepest increase in potential energy and its magnitude indicates the rate of change.

How is the gradient of a potential energy function calculated?

The gradient of a potential energy function can be calculated by taking the partial derivatives of the function with respect to each of the position coordinates. This results in a vector with components equal to the partial derivatives.

What is the significance of the gradient of a potential energy function?

The gradient of a potential energy function is significant because it allows us to determine the direction and magnitude of the force acting on a particle at any given point. It also helps us analyze the stability of a system and predict the motion of particles within it.

Can the gradient of a potential energy function be negative?

Yes, the gradient of a potential energy function can be negative. This indicates that the potential energy is decreasing in that direction and the force will act in the opposite direction of the gradient vector.

How is the gradient of a potential energy function related to conservative forces?

The gradient of a potential energy function is directly related to conservative forces. A conservative force is one for which the work done is independent of the path taken. This is equivalent to saying that the force is the negative gradient of a potential energy function.

Back
Top