Help - Electrical Current vs Water temperature

In summary, for a practical investigation in a NCEA Level 3 Physics class, the requirement is to provide an equation for theoretical comparison. The experiment involves heating water with an electrical current using a heating coil and measuring the temperature change. The equation should include specific heat capacity and can be used to predict temperature in an ideal setup. A possible equation is VIt = mc(T2-T1), which also requires measuring voltage. This setup is commonly used to determine the specific heat capacity of water.
  • #1
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Homework Statement



I am currently working on a practical investigation for my NCEA Level 3 (new zealand qualification equivalent of 7th form) Physics class and one of the requirements is to provide a suitable equation for theoretical comparison

Basically the experiment is the effects of Electrical current on water temperature through use of a heating coil (most likely Nichrome) i was wondering if anyone had such an equation.
at the moment my setup is simple with a DC powerpack and variable resistor (+ digital ammeter for measurement) to change the current going to the heating coil. I assume the equation will include the specific heat capacity of water etc and i was wondering what equation i could use to accurately predict the temperature in an ideal set-up (and preferably a description of such a setup)

Thanks in advance
 
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  • #2
Normally if you apply a heat balance and you time for how long you heat the water for you will get

VIt = mc(T2-T1)

So you will need to measure voltage as well.

(Normally that setup is used to determine the value of the specific heat capacity c)
 

FAQ: Help - Electrical Current vs Water temperature

What is the relationship between electrical current and water temperature?

The relationship between electrical current and water temperature is that a change in one can affect the other. When an electrical current flows through water, it can cause the water to heat up or cool down depending on the direction of the current. Similarly, changes in water temperature can impact the conductivity of the water, affecting the flow of electrical current.

How does water temperature affect electrical resistance?

Water temperature can greatly affect the electrical resistance of a material. As the temperature of water increases, the resistance decreases, allowing more current to flow through. This is due to the fact that higher temperatures cause water molecules to move faster, making it easier for electricity to pass through.

What happens when an electrical current is passed through water?

When an electrical current is passed through water, it can cause a variety of effects depending on the intensity and duration of the current. In general, the water will heat up, potentially causing changes in the chemical composition of the water and the release of gases. If the current is too strong, it can even lead to electrolysis, the process of breaking down water into its component elements.

Can water temperature impact the safety of electrical appliances?

Yes, water temperature can impact the safety of electrical appliances. If water is too hot, it can cause electrical components to overheat and potentially malfunction. Additionally, if water is too cold, it can increase the risk of electrical shock as colder temperatures can increase the conductivity of water.

How can the effects of water temperature on electrical current be controlled?

The effects of water temperature on electrical current can be controlled by using appropriate insulation and grounding techniques. Insulation can help prevent the transfer of heat between the water and electrical components, while grounding can provide a safe path for excess current to flow in case of a malfunction. It is important to follow safety guidelines and regulations when working with electrical currents and water to minimize any potential hazards.

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