Absorbed dose in phantom refers to the amount of energy deposited by ionizing radiation in a tissue-equivalent material, also known as a phantom, that simulates the human body. It is used to measure the potential biological effects of radiation on humans.
Absorbed dose in phantom is measured using an instrument called a dosimeter. This device consists of a radiation-sensitive material that undergoes a physical or chemical change when exposed to ionizing radiation. The change in the dosimeter can then be correlated to the absorbed dose in the phantom.
The unit of measurement for absorbed dose in phantom is the gray (Gy), which is equal to one joule of radiation energy deposited per kilogram of tissue-equivalent material.
Absorbed dose in phantom is an important factor in determining the potential risk of exposure to ionizing radiation. The higher the absorbed dose, the greater the risk of harmful biological effects such as tissue damage and cancer. However, the actual risk also depends on other factors such as the type of radiation and the sensitivity of the exposed tissue.
Measuring absorbed dose in phantom is crucial for ensuring the safe use of radiation in various fields such as medicine and industry. It helps in monitoring and controlling the amount of radiation exposure, minimizing potential risks to individuals and the environment. Additionally, it provides valuable data for research and development of radiation protection measures.