How to Find the Electric Potential of a Cylinder on the Z-Axis?

In summary, the conversation discusses an insulating solid cylinder with a uniformly distributed electric charge. The potential on the z-axis due to a disk is found, and it is expressed in terms of the density of the charge. The potential for the entire cylinder is then calculated by summing the potentials of all the disks, and the electric field on the z-axis can be found by taking the negative gradient of the potential.
  • #1
bfusco
128
1

Homework Statement


An insulating solid cylinder of radius R, length L carries a uniformly distributed electric charge with density [itex] \rho [/itex]. Chose the z-axis along the axis of the cylinder, z=0 in the middle of the cylinder. the cylinder can be boken down into curcular tabs (disks) of thickness dl and surface charge [itex] \sigma [/itex], the combined slabs integrated over dl make up the cylinder.
(a)Find the potential on the z axis due to a disk; express [itex] \sigma [/itex] in terms of [itex] \rho [/itex].
(b) find the potential on the z-axis V(z) for the entire cylinder.
(c)Calculate the electric field on the z-axis.

The Attempt at a Solution


(a) i drew a disk of radius R, and called the point where I am calculating the potential at a point P. The disk is the sum of rings (of radius r) from 0 to R, the line from the center of the disk to the point P is z and the line connecting radius r to point P is r'.
The charge distribution [itex] \sigma =dq/dA [/itex] which turns into [itex] dq=\sigma 2\pi rdr[/itex]

Potential is:
[tex] V=k\int \frac{dq}{r'} [/tex]

Plugging the dq into the potential you get:
[tex] V=k \int \frac{\sigma 2\pi rdr}{\sqrt{r^2 + z^2}} [/tex]

Which reduces to:
[tex] V=\frac{\sigma *\sqrt{R^2 +z^2}}{2 \epsilon_0} [/tex]

Where [itex] \sigma=\rho dl [/itex]

Which gives:
[tex] V=\rho \frac{ \sqrt{R^2 + z^2} dl}{2\epsilon_0} [/tex]

(b) I know i have to sum the potentials of all the disks to make the cylinder, but idk how to do that.

is it:
[tex] V=\int_{-L/2}^{L/2} \rho \frac{\sqrt{R^2 + z^2}dl}{2\epsilon_0} [/tex]
?

(c) when i get the answer to (b) i can just take the (-)gradient of it to get E
 
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  • #2
For part (b), is it:
[tex] V=\int_{-L/2}^{L/2} \rho \frac{\sqrt{R^2 +z^2}dz}{2\epsilon_0} [/tex]
 

FAQ: How to Find the Electric Potential of a Cylinder on the Z-Axis?

What is the formula for calculating the electric potential of a cylinder?

The formula for calculating the electric potential of a cylinder is V = kQ / L, where V is the electric potential, k is the Coulomb's constant, Q is the charge on the cylinder, and L is the length of the cylinder.

How does the electric potential change with distance from a charged cylinder?

The electric potential decreases with distance from a charged cylinder according to the inverse square law. This means that as the distance from the cylinder increases, the electric potential decreases at a faster rate.

Can the electric potential inside a charged cylinder be zero?

Yes, the electric potential inside a charged cylinder can be zero if the cylinder is uncharged or if the charge on the cylinder is distributed evenly along the surface, resulting in a cancellation of electric potential.

How does the electric potential of a cylinder differ from that of a sphere?

The electric potential of a cylinder and a sphere are calculated using different formulas. For a cylinder, the electric potential is directly proportional to the charge and inversely proportional to the length, while for a sphere, the electric potential is directly proportional to the charge and inversely proportional to the radius.

What factors affect the electric potential of a charged cylinder?

The electric potential of a charged cylinder is affected by the amount and distribution of charge on the cylinder, as well as the distance from the cylinder. Additionally, the material of the cylinder and the presence of other nearby charges can also impact the electric potential.

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