Mechanics - two boxes down a hill

In summary, the first box slides down a hill and gains a speed of 1 \dfrac{m}{s}, while the second box with equal mass and an initial speed of 1 \dfrac{m}{s} also slides down the same hill. Without solving for the height, the second box will end up with a speed of \sqrt{2} \dfrac{m}{s}, which is twice the speed of the first box. This can be found by using the equation \dfrac{1}{2}mv^{2}=mgh and realizing that the second box has twice the energy of the first.
  • #1
Hioj
16
2

Homework Statement


The first box slides down a hill and gains speed and ends at [itex]v=1 \dfrac{m}{s}.[/itex]

The second box has an initial speed of [itex]v_{0}=1 \dfrac{m}{s}[/itex] and slides down the same hill. What speed does it end up with?

The boxes have equal masses.

Solve this without first solving for the height [itex]h[/itex]. This is intuition practice.


Homework Equations


[itex]\dfrac{1}{2}mv^{2}=mgh[/itex]


The Attempt at a Solution


Since [itex]\dfrac{1}{2}mv^{2}=mgh[/itex], then [itex]v=\sqrt{mgh}[/itex]. The first gains a speed of [itex]1 \dfrac{m}{s}[/itex], so the second must also gain [itex]1 \dfrac{m}{s}[/itex]. So it ends up at [itex]2 \dfrac{m}{s}[/itex]?

I remember the answer being [itex]\sqrt{2}[/itex].
 
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  • #2
You have,

v = (m*g*h)^.5

It should be v = (2*g*h)^.5

Why don't you solve for h just for fun?


The second box will have twice the energy of the first but as kinetic energy goes as v^2 the velocity won't be double.
 
  • #3
The following assumes [itex]g=10\dfrac{m}{s}[/itex] for simplicity.

We have
[tex]\dfrac{1}{2}mv^{2}=mgh[/tex]
and so
[tex]h=\dfrac{v^{2}}{2g}=\dfrac{1}{20}[/tex] as [itex]v^{2}=1\dfrac{m}{s}[/itex] for the first box.
For the second box, it must be true that the kinetic energy with the end speed [itex]v[/itex] equals the kinetic energy it starts off with [itex](\dfrac{1}{2}mv_{0}^{2})[/itex] plus the gained potential energy. Then
[tex]\dfrac{1}{2}mv^{2}=\dfrac{1}{2}mv_{0}^{2}+mgh[/tex]
[tex]\Longrightarrow v^{2}=v_{0}^{2}+2gh=1+\dfrac{2g}{20}=1+1=2[/tex]
[tex]\Longrightarrow v=\sqrt{2}.[/tex]

Correct?

Could this be done any easier?
 

FAQ: Mechanics - two boxes down a hill

What is mechanics?

Mechanics is a branch of physics that deals with the study of motion and forces acting upon objects.

How do you calculate the acceleration of two boxes down a hill?

The acceleration of an object is calculated by dividing the net force acting on the object by its mass. In the case of two boxes down a hill, the net force would be the force of gravity pulling the boxes downhill and the mass would be the combined mass of the two boxes.

What factors can affect the motion of the boxes down the hill?

The motion of the boxes can be affected by factors such as the incline of the hill, the mass and shape of the boxes, the force of gravity, and any external forces acting on the boxes.

How does friction play a role in the mechanics of two boxes down a hill?

Friction is a force that opposes the motion of objects. In the case of two boxes down a hill, friction between the boxes and the surface of the hill can slow down their descent, while friction between the boxes themselves can affect their relative motion.

Can you use the principles of mechanics to predict the exact path of the boxes down the hill?

No, the exact path of the boxes down the hill cannot be predicted as it depends on various factors such as initial conditions, external forces, and the shape of the hill. However, the principles of mechanics can be used to make predictions and calculations about the motion of the boxes.

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