Real roots of complex polynomials

In summary, the conversation discusses the proof that a polynomial of degree n with all roots of multiplicity 1 and real on R has at most one more real root than its derivative, and that the derivative has no more nonreal roots than the original polynomial. The Gauss Lucas theorem and previously proven fact are used to express the polynomial in terms of its roots and investigate the difference between real and nonreal roots. The conversation also mentions hints for approaching the problem.
  • #1
fraggle
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Homework Statement



Let f be a polynomial of degree n >= 1 with all roots of multiplicity 1 and real on R. Prove that
f has at most one more real root than f'
f' has no more nonreal roots than f

Homework Equations



We are given the Gauss Lucas theorem: Every root of f' is contained in the convex hull of the roots of f.
Also previously proved is that if zk is a root of multiplicity 1 of f(z) then f'(zk) !=0 (zk is not a root of the derivative of f)

we express f(z)=c(z-z1)...(z-z2) where for each k f(zk)=0.

The Attempt at a Solution



I'm lost at where to begin, I've tried looking at it different ways but am not seeing where the difference of real and non real roots comes in.
Any suggestions? (if you can help I'd prefer hints rather than the whole answer)

Thanks
 
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  • #2
R is a line in C, what can you say about the convex hull of collinear points?
 

FAQ: Real roots of complex polynomials

What are real roots of complex polynomials?

Real roots of complex polynomials refer to the values of a complex variable that satisfy the polynomial equation and result in a real number when substituted into the equation. In other words, these are the values that make the polynomial equal to zero.

Can a complex polynomial have real roots?

Yes, a complex polynomial can have real roots. This occurs when the polynomial has at least one factor that is a real number. For example, the polynomial (x + 2)(x + 3) has real roots at x = -2 and x = -3.

How can we find the real roots of a complex polynomial?

To find the real roots of a complex polynomial, we can use the fundamental theorem of algebra. This theorem states that every polynomial of degree n has exactly n complex roots, which can be found by factoring the polynomial or using other mathematical methods such as the quadratic formula or synthetic division.

What is the significance of real roots in complex polynomials?

The real roots of complex polynomials have significant implications in mathematics and science. They can help us understand the behavior of complex functions and solve practical problems in fields such as physics, engineering, and economics. Additionally, the location of real roots on the complex plane can provide insights into the stability and convergence of iterative processes.

Is it possible for a complex polynomial to have only real roots?

Yes, it is possible for a complex polynomial to have only real roots. This occurs when all of the factors of the polynomial are real numbers. An example of such a polynomial is (x + 1)(x^2 + 4).

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