Relationships between Current, Voltage and Resistance

In summary: But what happens to the resistance of the moving part of the rheostat? It decreases. So the ratio V/I also decreases.
  • #1
fictionistruth
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Homework Statement


Based on the diagram attached, how do the values of current, I and voltage, V change when the sliding contact S of the rheostat is slowly moved from X to Y?

Homework Equations


Ohm's Law
R=V/I

The Attempt at a Solution


I used Ohm's Law to solve this question. My answer was: I decreases and V increases, because R is directly proportional to V and inversely proportional to I. As S is moved from X to Y, the resistance increases. I deduced that the voltage increases as resistance increases, and current decreases as resistance increases.

However my answer was wrong; the correct answer was: I decreases and V decreases. I don't understand why the voltage would decrease as resistance was increased because Ohm's Law clearly shows that R is directly proportional to V. Can anyone please explain why?
 

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  • #2
V and inversely proportional to I.
That is not true. You can re-write Ohm's law as RI=V. As you can see, V and I are proportional to each other. Another way to read R=V/I is "V and I have a constant ratio" (which is the same as "are proportional to each other").

As S is moved from X to Y, the resistance increases.
The total resistance increases, indeed.
 

FAQ: Relationships between Current, Voltage and Resistance

What is the relationship between current, voltage, and resistance?

The relationship between current, voltage, and resistance is described by Ohm's Law, which states that the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points, and inversely proportional to the resistance between them.

How do changes in voltage affect current?

Changes in voltage directly affect the amount of current flowing through a circuit. As voltage increases, there is a corresponding increase in current, and vice versa. This is because voltage is the driving force that pushes electrons through a circuit, and the higher the voltage, the more energy is available to move electrons.

What is resistance and how does it impact current?

Resistance is the measure of how difficult it is for current to flow through a material. It is caused by collisions between electrons and atoms, and is measured in ohms. As resistance increases, current decreases, since it takes more energy to push electrons through a material with higher resistance.

What is the unit of measurement for current, voltage, and resistance?

Current is measured in amperes (A), voltage is measured in volts (V), and resistance is measured in ohms (Ω). These units are named after the scientists who made significant contributions to the understanding of electricity and magnetism: André-Marie Ampère, Alessandro Volta, and Georg Ohm.

How are current, voltage, and resistance related in a series circuit?

In a series circuit, the current is the same at all points, while the voltage and resistance can vary. This means that the total voltage in a series circuit is divided among the different components, and the total resistance is the sum of all individual resistances. Ohm's Law can be used to calculate the current, voltage, and resistance at each point in a series circuit.

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