Solving Sliding Sideways: Block Speed After Long Time

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In summary: No, the block does not simultaneously prevent itself from going down the plane. Friction does not act in the opposite direction of the motion. The block momentum is always directed downward, so the block will eventually stop.
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A block is placed on a plane at an angle of [tex]\theta[/tex]. It is given an initial sideways speed of [tex]v[/tex] which has no component up or down the plane. The coefficient of friction between the block and plane is [tex]\mu = \tan\theta[/tex]. What is the speed of the block after a long time?


Using normal analysis i figured that
[tex]a_{down}=mg(\sin{\theta}-\mu\cos{\theta})=0[/tex]
and
[tex]a_{across}=-\mu mg\cos{\theta}=-mg\sin{\theta}[/tex]
So that the block eventually comes to a stop.

But the solutions say that the speed the block loses going sideways is converted into downwards motion... how does this work?
 
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  • #2
what are you trying to do??

what is "sideways" ? if there is no velocity component up or down the incline?, then any velocity must be orthogonal to it...
 
  • #3
I'll copy the question and solution down for the sake of clarity (Source: Introduction to Classical Mechanics by David Morin)

Q:
"A block is placed on a plane inclined at an angle [tex]\theta[/tex]. The coefficient of friction between the block and the plane is [tex]\mu=\tan\theta[/tex]. The block is given a kick so that it initially moves with speed [tex]v[/tex] horizontally along the plane (that is, in the direction perpendicular to the direction pointing straight down the plane). What is the speed of the block after a very long time?"

A:
"The normal force from the plane is [tex]N=mg\cos\theta[/tex]. Therefore, the friction force on the block is [tex]\mu N = (\tan\theta)(mg\cos\theta)=mg\sin{\theta}[/tex]. This force acts in the direction opposite to the motion. The block also feels the gravitational force of [tex]mg\sin\theta[/tex] pointing down the plane.
Because the magnitudes of the friction force and the gravitational force along the plane are equal, the acceleration along the direction of motion equals the negative of the acceleration in the direction down the plane. Therefore, in a small increment of time, the speed that the block loses along its direction of motion exactly equals the speed that it gains in the direction down the plane. Letting [tex]v[/tex] be the total speed of the block, and letting [tex]v_y[/tex] be the component of the velocity in the direction down the plane, we therefore have

[tex]v+v_y=C[/tex]

where [tex]C[/tex] is constant. [tex]C[/tex] is given by its initial value, which is [tex]v+0=v[/tex]. The final value of [tex]C[/tex] is [tex]v_f+v_f=2v_f[/tex] (where [tex]v_f[/tex] is the final speed of the block), because the block is essentially moving straight down the plane after a very long time. Therefore,

[tex]2v_f=v \Rightarrow v_f = \frac{v}{2}[/tex]"I still can't understand how the block changes direction :(
If friction is acting against one direction does that mean that it can't simultaneously prevent the block going down the plane?
 

FAQ: Solving Sliding Sideways: Block Speed After Long Time

What is the purpose of studying sliding sideways and block speed over a long period of time?

The purpose of this study is to understand the relationship between sliding sideways and block speed over a long period of time, and how this can be applied to real-world scenarios such as friction and motion in various materials.

How is the speed of a block affected by sliding sideways over a long period of time?

The speed of a block is affected by various factors, such as the surface material, the force applied, and the angle of the slide. Over a long period of time, the block's speed may decrease due to factors such as friction and wear. This can be observed and measured in a controlled experiment.

What are some potential applications of understanding sliding sideways and block speed over a long period of time?

Understanding the relationship between sliding sideways and block speed can have practical applications in fields such as engineering, materials science, and physics. This knowledge can help improve the design and functionality of machines and structures, as well as predict and prevent potential issues caused by friction and wear.

How can the data from this study be used to improve our understanding of motion and physics?

By analyzing the data collected from this study, we can gain a better understanding of the effects of friction and motion on objects over a long period of time. This can contribute to our overall understanding of physics and the laws that govern motion.

What are some future research directions for studying sliding sideways and block speed over a long period of time?

Future research in this area could involve exploring different materials and surfaces to see how they affect sliding and block speed over time. It could also involve studying the effects of temperature and humidity on these factors. Additionally, this research could be expanded to include different shapes and sizes of blocks to see how they behave in a sliding scenario.

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