Torque, angular acceleration, and moment of inertia

In summary, the conversation discusses two identical dumbbells with equal point masses at either end of identical light rods, pivoting around different points. The question is whether the resulting angular accelerations will be the same if the same torque is applied to both dumbbells. The moment of inertia for each dumbbell is calculated and it is determined that the dumbbell with a larger moment of inertia will require a greater angular acceleration. The conversation concludes with a clarification on the concept of torque and angular acceleration.
  • #1
chromium1387
16
0

Homework Statement


We did this question today in class, but looking back at it, I'm kind of confused.

Two identical dumbbells are formed by placing equal point masses at either end of two identical light (ie. massless) rods. The rods are pivoted so that dumbbell A rotates around the centre of the rod, while dumbbell B rotates around a point a quarter of the way along the rod. If the same torque is applied to both rods, how will the resulting angular accelerations compare?

Homework Equations



t=Iα

The Attempt at a Solution


Okay, so we calculated the moment of inertia for each dumbbell by saying that each was 4R long. So, IA=m(2R)2+m(2R)2=8mR2 and IB=m(R)2+m(3R)2=10mR2. Because B has a larger moment of inertia, does it not need a greater angular acceleration than A if the same torque is applied? :S
 
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  • #2
chromium1387 said:
t=Iα

IA=8mR2 and IB=10mR2. Because B has a larger moment of inertia, does it not need a greater angular acceleration than A if the same torque is applied? :S

Look at the first equation: t(torque)=I(moment of inertia) * α(angular acceleration)
t is the same for both dumbbells : IAαA=IBαB

Substitute for the I-s. Which angular acceleration is greater?

ehild
 
  • #3
oh, wow. i was definitely thinking backwards for some reason. thank you for replying to my very silly question!
 

FAQ: Torque, angular acceleration, and moment of inertia

What is torque and how is it measured?

Torque is a measure of the rotational force applied to an object. It is measured in units of newton-meters (N*m) and is calculated by multiplying the force applied to an object by the distance from the point of rotation.

What is angular acceleration and how is it related to torque?

Angular acceleration is the rate at which an object's angular velocity changes. It is directly proportional to the torque applied to an object and inversely proportional to the object's moment of inertia.

What is moment of inertia and how is it calculated?

Moment of inertia is a measure of an object's resistance to changes in its rotation. It is calculated by summing the products of the mass of each particle in an object and the square of its distance from the axis of rotation.

How does the distribution of mass affect moment of inertia?

The distribution of mass in an object affects its moment of inertia. Objects with mass distributed farther from the axis of rotation will have a higher moment of inertia, meaning they will be more resistant to changes in their rotation.

What is the difference between rotational and translational motion?

Rotational motion involves the movement of an object around an axis, while translational motion involves the movement of an object in a straight line. Torque, angular acceleration, and moment of inertia are all concepts that apply to rotational motion.

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