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mRNA is synthesized during transcription,but where and how are the tRNA's synthesized?
Ygggdrasil said:tRNAs are also made by transcription, by a different RNA polymerase (RNA polymerase III) than is used for mRNA synthesis (RNA polymerase II). Because the factors involved in mRNA capping and polyadenylation are physically associated with RNA polymerase II and not RNA polymerase III, tRNAs do not undergo capping and polyadenylation like mRNAs. tRNAs, however do undergo extensive post-transcriptional processing to get them into their final form.
That Neuron said:So you need tRNA molecules to create more tRNA molecules? Because I would think initial tRNA is necessary to create RNA polymerase, Thats interesting, wonder how the first tRNA evolved. And you would need a DNA sequence that aligned with the produced type of tRNA in order to create proteins, maybe DNA evolved around tRNA... Hmmmm Hahah, Off topic, I know.
ryan_m_b said:What's fascinating about RNA is that it can act both as genetic material (like DNA) and as enzymatic molecules (like proteins) e.g http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribozyme" posits that early life used RNA in both capacities until the evolution of proteins took over most of the jobs.
tRNA synthesis is the process by which transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules are produced in a cell. tRNA is a type of RNA that helps in protein synthesis by carrying specific amino acids to the ribosome.
tRNA synthesis takes place in the nucleus of a cell. The genes that code for tRNA molecules are located on the DNA in the nucleus.
tRNA plays a crucial role in protein synthesis by carrying specific amino acids to the ribosome, where they are joined together to form a protein chain according to the instructions provided by the mRNA.
tRNA synthesis occurs in several steps. First, the gene for tRNA is transcribed into a pre-tRNA molecule, which is then processed and modified to form a mature tRNA molecule. This process involves the addition of a 3' CCA sequence, base modifications, and trimming of extra nucleotides. Finally, the mature tRNA is transported out of the nucleus and into the cytoplasm.
The synthesis of tRNA is regulated by various factors including the availability of amino acids, the rate of protein synthesis, and the concentration of tRNA molecules. Other factors such as cellular stress and environmental conditions can also affect tRNA synthesis.