Its a matter of solving part(iii)
To me that's how to solve that particular question.
Its all there as clue to the answer.
1. It is place 45° below - x axis, will it hard for student if placed elsewhere.
2. It passes the origin, will it passes origin if put somewhere else.
So we can deduce that...
If we take a line 45° line above x-axis, and consider 2 masses 1kg, the pull at any point is along that line will along that line only 45°, since two perpendicular force along the line pull by the 2 masses will be cancelled.
2kg mass is on the 45° line.
I think you can find COM of the three masses. Then you can find the energy(KE) to take the particle away from origin to 300m away, using integral here since force not constant
Just like throwing an object upward to a point, on earth, and return to the point of launching.
Coulomb's law, F=kQ1Q2/r^2
Work=Fr
Since F is not constant between A and B, we have to calculate based on small distances dr so that F is constant within it.
dW=F(r)dr
Edit
You have to apply Gauss law too for the ring.