American Physical Society on climate change

In summary, the American Physical Society did not reverse its stance on climate change, despite a recent article in its newsletter that questioned the overwhelming opinion of the world scientific community. This article, written by Monckton, has not undergone any scientific peer review and does not reflect the views of the APS. The APS and its division in question have only clarified their position in response to media misinterpretations and sensationalism. The APS continues to stand by its mission and bylaws, and does not support the views expressed in Monckton's article.
  • #1
Andre
4,311
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For a brief moment it appeared that the American Physical Society had reversed its stance on climate change:

http://www.dailytech.com/Myth+of+Consensus+Explodes+APS+Opens+Global+Warming+Debate/article12403.htm

However look at the red text above the article:

http://www.aps.org/units/fps/newsletters/200807/monckton.cfm

The following article has not undergone any scientific peer review. Its conclusions are in disagreement with the overwhelming opinion of the world scientific community. The Council of the American Physical Society disagrees with this article's conclusions.

However both statements (peer review, overwhelming opinion) appear to be more complicated:

See: this about the peer review and this thread for the numbers game.
 
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  • #2
Andre said:
For a brief moment it appeared that the American Physical Society had reversed its stance on climate change:

http://www.dailytech.com/Myth+of+Consensus+Explodes+APS+Opens+Global+Warming+Debate/article12403.htm

However look at the red text above the article:

http://www.aps.org/units/fps/newsletters/200807/monckton.cfm
However both statements (peer review, overwhelming opinion) appear to be more complicated:

See: this about the peer review and this thread for the numbers game.

Somehow, I knew you'd bring this up.

I'm both a member of the APS AND also a member of the division of the Forum on Physics and Society. The articles in question appeared in the Forum on Physics and Society's newsletter's, NOT in any peer-reviewed form other than being looked over by the newsletter editors. The APS has a separate newsletter that it sends out to all its members. It has no editorial control, nor it dictates what each division publishes as long as it does not transgressed over the APS mission and bylaws.

So to claim that this newsletter somehow indicate that the APS might be changing its mind is a fallacy and existed only in the minds of those trying to find some credibility in the anti-global warming scenario. No such thing is occurring (refer to the APS's and AIP's statement on this issue). The APS and the division in question only had to make itself clear ONLY after many website and blogs suddenly blew this out of proportion, as if to indicate a shift in opinion by the society.

Bob Park had a comment last Friday on this apparent debacle in his What's New column.

Zz.
 
  • #3
This falls in line with a list of scientist who do not agree with the IPCCs conclusions about global warming:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientists_opposing_the_mainstream_scientific_assessment_of_global_warming"
 
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  • #4
deckart said:
This falls in line with a list of scientist who do not agree with the IPCCs conclusions about global warming:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientists_opposing_the_mainstream_scientific_assessment_of_global_warming"

.. and this highlights my only major disappointment with the way the APS Forum on Physics and Society's attempt at addressing this. Of all the credible scientists out there that have published several peer-reviewed papers on questioning the IPCC conclusions, why in the world did they have to choose Monckton to write the counter article?

I think this is why I was quite interested in the article on "https://www.physicsforums.com/showthread.php?t=241388"", and why, especially on something like this topic, one some time can't tell when someone has a true expertise, or simply "interactional expertise".

Zz.
 
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  • #5
Thank you for some context ZapperZ. From what I got out of these posts it doesn't seem like the APS is planning on switching its position yet, esp. just because of one opinion that appeared in not even its most prominent newsletter.

The headline of that article seems to be attention grabbing and exaggerated journalism at its best (or worst).
 
  • #6
ZapperZ said:
.. f all the credible scientists out there that have published several peer-reviewed papers on questioning the IPCC conclusions, why in the world did they have to choose Monckton to write the counter article?

Right, but then again it would have been more difficult to distantiate from an article of, say for instance http://www.weatherquestions.com/Roy-Spencer-on-global-warming.htm or Richard Lindzen or Bob Carter
 
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  • #7
Andre said:
Right, but then again it would have been more difficult to distantiate from an article of, say for instance http://www.weatherquestions.com/Roy-Spencer-on-global-warming.htm or Richard Lindzen or Bob Carter

But that's like saying you'd rather listen to the dumbed down version of global warming from Al Gore rather than those who actually did original research work on this issue. Do you?

Complex problem isn't easy by definition. I'd rather get it straight from the horse's mouth rather than after being filtered and reported elsewhere.

Zz.
 
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  • #8
More than happy to turn the horse mouth inside out. You should visit the Earth forums more often.
 
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  • #9
Andre said:
More than happy to turn the horse mouth inside out. You should visit the Earth forums more often.

Why? Is there someone there who actually know about this beyond just at the "interactional expertise"?

Zz.
 
  • #10
Seriously, an "invitaton to debate" is nowhere near taking a stance. That news article really was sensationalist and in my opinion harmed the growing voice of people saying that "something is rotten in the IPCC". Sensationalism turns my stomach, period, even though I am one that agrees that the IPCC intentionally skewed their report, based on the release of the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report Papers: Working Group I, The Physical Science Basis of Climate Change, 2005-2007; Expert Review Comments on First-Order Draft, Chapter 1. ESPP IPCCAR4WG1, which was previously withheld from the public until they were sued for the information under the "Freedom of Information Act".

The previously withheld report can be viewed here - http://pds.lib.harvard.edu/pds/view/7794905?n=2&imagesize=1200&jp2Res=.25 Where you can see how the IPCC "picked" the data they wished to present. Make your own judgement. I would suggest you download it since the IPCC has been "moving it" without re-directional links to let you find it. Surely it's not intentional.

How people could have misconstrued the invitation to debate as anything but an invitation to debate is beyond me. It is over-reactions by over zealous people on both sides that is making rational discussion impossible.

The APS appears to have backed down a bit, since there is just a minor notice which they deemed necessary due to the misinformation spread in the media. I do not see where they did anything wrong. It has nothing to do with the merit's of Monckton's paper. I have not read a critique of the paper so I have no opinion.
 
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  • #11
In a new study about energy problem in the US, http://www.aps.org/energyefficiencyreport/index.cfm" . If there was so much brouhaha by opponents of the IPCC and Global Warming that the APS may have changed its mind and might be questioning the validity of the such findings, then maybe this report will quiet that down.

Here's a passage from the report:

Without question, the United States faces a greater energy risk today than it has at any time in its history. But the nation and the world face another risk that was barely recognized thirty-five years ago. Global warming and the potential it has for causing major disruptions to Earth’s climate are scientific realities. The precise extent of the human contribution to global warming still needs deeper understanding, but there is virtually no disagreement among scientists that it is real and substantial.

The physics and chemistry of the greenhouse gas effect are well understood and beyond dispute. Science has also achieved an overwhelming consensus that the increase in greenhouse gases is largely of human origin, tracing back to the Industrial Revolution and accelerating in recent years, as carbon dioxide and methane—the products of fossil fuel use—have entered the atmosphere in increasing quantities.

Modeling the climate has proven to be a complex scientific task. But although the models are far from perfect, many of their predictions are so alarming that conservative, risk-averse policymaking requires that they be considered with extraordinary gravity.

So if people wanted somehow to attach themselves to the APS due to its prestige when they were under the impression that the APS was siding with them, then they should also pay equal, if not more, attention to this report, since it does not come out of some "newsletter" but rather an official report issued by the society.

This should also end any and all question regarding the APS's stand on the issue of Global Warming.

Zz.
 
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  • #12
Here is Lawrence Krauss's (outgoing chair of the APS's forum on physics and society) take on the issue and of this "Monckton" character:

Earlier this year, the editors ran a piece submitted by Gerald Marsh, a frequent contributor to FPS, in which he questioned the accuracy of climate change predictions and estimations of anthropogenic contributions to it. The article gave the editors the idea of devoting an issue to debate about the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's statements regarding human-induced global warming.

Being unfamiliar with the field, they asked Marsh to suggest authors on both sides of the argument, and sent out requests. Physicists David Hafemeister and Peter Schwartz kindly contributed a tutorial on the physics of global warming. Marsh also suggested "Christopher Monckton of Brenchley", who the editors assumed was a climate scientist. Monckton submitted what appeared to be a highly technical piece refuting the notion that global warming is occurring, much less induced by human activity.

The editors ran both articles, and encouraged feedback. They also prefaced the issue with an unfortunate editorial stating that there is "considerable" debate within the scientific community about the IPCC statement that global warming is anthropogenic.

Within hours of the issue appearing on the web, an angry physics community responded. The editors then learned that Viscount Monckton - who they had addressed as "Dr Monckton" in their correspondence, a misconception he did not correct - was actually a British journalist and global-warming sceptic. His article presented claims that he has been circulating for years and that climate scientists say they have debunked.

So that original article is loaded with misinformation because they act as if that Monckton character was a respected scientist in the APS publishing articles against the trend, forcing the APS to reverse its stance.
 
  • #13
ZapperZ said:
In a new study about energy problem in the US, http://www.aps.org/energyefficiencyreport/index.cfm" . If there was so much brouhaha by opponents of the IPCC and Global Warming that the APS may have changed its mind and might be questioning the validity of the such findings, then maybe this report will quiet that down.

Here's a passage from the report:
Without question, the United States faces a greater energy risk today than it has at any time in its history. But the nation and the world face another risk that was barely recognized thirty-five years ago. Global warming and the potential it has for causing major disruptions to Earth’s climate are scientific realities. The precise extent of the human contribution to global warming still needs deeper understanding, but there is virtually no disagreement among scientists that it is real and substantial.

The physics and chemistry of the greenhouse gas effect are well understood and beyond dispute. Science has also achieved an overwhelming consensus that the increase in greenhouse gases is largely of human origin, tracing back to the Industrial Revolution and accelerating in recent years, as carbon dioxide and methane—the products of fossil fuel use—have entered the atmosphere in increasing quantities.

Modeling the climate has proven to be a complex scientific task. But although the models are far from perfect, many of their predictions are so alarming that conservative, risk-averse policymaking requires that they be considered with extraordinary gravityZz.
Zz, I found the first paragraph, but not the next two. Do you know if the other two paragraphs you quoted are in some other report? I did a google search on the first sentence of each paragraph and "APS" and nothing came up.
 
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  • #14
Interesting that APS singled out greenhouse gas effects as beyond dispute and at the same time said nothing about feedbacks. The direct ~http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Radiative-forcings.svg" greenhouse forcing alone is trivial, the IPCC gets most of its predicted warming from feedbacks fed by CO2 forcing.
 
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  • #15
Energie safety, surety and securety is the first essential element to ensure a sustaining society. Therefore it is paramount to move away from depleting fossil fuels eventually and moderate the use to slow down depletion. Therefore, it would have been so good if greenhouse effect be a real threat to the climate.

But the question remains: is it?

If it is not and proof of that seems underway then the alarmism will backfire. There is only one remedy:
 
  • #16
  • #17
Andre said:
Energie safety, surety and securety is the first essential element to ensure a sustaining society. Therefore it is paramount to move away from depleting fossil fuels eventually and moderate the use to slow down depletion. Therefore, it would have been so good if greenhouse effect be a real threat to the climate.

But the question remains: is it?

If it is not and proof of that seems underway then the alarmism will backfire. There is only one remedy:

It doesn't matter. You originally created this thread with what purpose? Look at the "intent" of your original post. If you pay that much credibility to the APS, then you cannot pick and choose when to respect its opinion and when you drop it.

This is not about the validity of Global warming. If it is, it shouldn't have been started in, of all places, the Politics forum. It is about people trying to get the "aura" of the APS as a professional physics organization and its track record. You had no problem latching onto it when there was an impression (faulty as it were) that an organization as respected as the APS might be "changing" its mind with respect to this issue. But now, you change your tune when it clearly has stated something you don't like.

Zz.
 
  • #18
  • #19
mheslep said:
Interesting that APS singled out greenhouse gas effects as beyond dispute and at the same time said nothing about feedbacks. The direct ~http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Radiative-forcings.svg" greenhouse forcing alone is trivial, the IPCC gets most of its predicted warming from feedbacks fed by CO2 forcing.

If I may tune in: indeed :approve:
The passages quoted by Zz show an ambivalent stance which is the main problem of this debate:

First paragraph: catastrophic climate change is a scientific reality (?)

Second paragraph: the *physics and chemistry* of greenhouse gasses is understood (that's about what's modeled by MODTRANS), probably true.

Third paragraph: it's a complex system (the feedbacks, models and all that) which we don't understand completely yet, but some (simulation) results are so dramatic that conservative action should be undertaken... (understood: even if this has a small chance of being right, it is so dramatic that we can't take the risk).

The third paragraph almost contradicts the first: if it were a scientific reality, then the third paragraph doesn't make any sense. If it were just a matter of physics and chemistry, then the modeling wouldn't be so terribly complex (unfortunately that modeling doesn't predict anything dramatic). The complexity is indeed in the feedback mechanisms, which are the essential part of the "drama": without them, the physics and chemistry predict a modest warming, and with them, it can become indeed dramatic. However, most of them are very badly understood. If we can say that it is "a scientific reality", then we cannot at the same time hide behind "it is still complex and we didn't understand everything yet".

Does that mean that I'm against the third paragraph ? No. Does it mean I am somehow convinced that there's no climate change (in other words that I'm a sceptic ?). No. What I am against, is that one misuses words such as "scientific reality" to try to give more "truth" than one actually possesses on this issue. Yes, one should be careful. Yes, climate change is not excluded, and yes, the consequences could potentially be dramatic.
BUT: no, we don't know for sure AT ALL. It is not "a scientific reality". It is a working hypothesis, which is based partially on "well-known physics and chemistry" and also on a lot of speculation.

And I agree with Andre (who, I think, is more convinced than I am that there is *no* significant climate change - I keep the possibility totally open), that this might seriously backfire *if ever* it is proved wrong. A "scientific reality" cannot be wrong, or it means that scientists don't know how to find out anything. And *if ever* this is the case - that is, if ever it turns out that the effect of the greenhouse gasses are precisely what the *chemistry and physics* predict they are (as given by MODTRAN), then the AGW proponents amongst the scientists will have given a terrible blow to the credibility of science in general, given the enormous amount of useless expenses they will have caused with their fearmongering.

The third paragraph, by itself, would have been ok: "we don't know, but we have credible scenarios in which something terrible will happen if we don't take action. But we may be wrong too. We simply don't know. Let's be cautious."
 
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  • #20
vanesch said:
The third paragraph, by itself, would have been ok: "we don't know, but we have credible scenarios in which something terrible will happen if we don't take action. But we may be wrong too. We simply don't know. Let's be cautious."

It might slightly different. We do not know how it works exactly but we do know how it does not work, right? We know that aether does not exist and neither does phlogiston. Once a hypothesis is put to the test, it might join the ranks of those two. But even when saving the world was not at stake, the death struggle of these two was most impressive to say the least.
 
  • #21
Andre said:
It might slightly different. We do not know how it works exactly but we do know how it does not work, right? .

This is where we differ. I don't think we know how it doesn't work either. It is not because there have been false arguments in favor of AGW, that AGW is not true. The proposed feedback mechanisms - or others - might exist, and climate scientists might have the "gross" part right, while not yet having fine-tuned enough the models so that reliable predictions can be made, which would then explain the decade of erroneous predictions we've been through.
Again, it is not because climate scientists aren't (yet ?) good enough to come up with a model on a sound physical basis which checks against the data, that the gross predictions in the long term are impossible.

It would have been much, much much better for almost everybody if one would have stuck to the scientific method, and have avoided all the hype (alarmist, conspirational, sceptic, or whatever).
 
  • #22
Vanesch, skeptic is not a part of that list. It's the holy duty of scientists to be skeptic at all times. Ideas that can survive challenges of skeptics may be sound. If you don't challenge, anything goes.

How much more proof is required to show that AGW is non issue?
 
  • #23
Andre said:
Vanesch, skeptic is not a part of that list.
Hype is hype, even if it comes from a skeptic.

How much more proof is required to show that AGW is non issue?
One of the things that vanesch failed to mention is that while the IPCC and other political bodies might engage in a bunch of non-scientific mumbo jumbo, they are not the only ones. Many of the arguments on (A)GW skeptical blogs that spearhead the campaign against warming are quite pathetically unscientific themselves.
 
  • #24
Gokul43201 said:
One of the things that vanesch failed to mention is that while the IPCC and other political bodies might engage in a bunch of non-scientific mumbo jumbo, they are not the only ones. Many of the arguments on (A)GW skeptical blogs that spearhead the campaign against warming are quite pathetically unscientific themselves.

I agree with that. In general, cheap reasons to reject AGW are usually totally erroneous too, and often pretty naive, like saying that the CO2 absorption depth is only 15 meters or something, so that everything that can be absorbed by CO2 is already in the first 15 meters of the atmosphere, and whatever you add, it won't change a thing. There are other erroneous arguments out there too.

However, the problem is that official instances have been playing the same games as those sceptics, and have as such already lost a part of their scientific credibility.
If you look at the most important *public* arguments which had to convince "everybody beyond doubt" that AGW was a "scientific reality", then we had:
- the hockeystick (which turns out to have failed, at least in its spectacular representation)
- the paleo-climate indication that CO2 and temperature proxies were almost perfectly in sync (until it turned out that CO2 lagged by about 600 years)
- the very strong rise of temperature indicators in the 90-ies, until that flattened out in the last 6 years or so, which is now "explained" by the "multi decennial oscillation" of which nobody knows any physical origin.

So it seems that the "evident and beyond doubt" indicators which had to lead all of us to take AGW sceptics for cranks denying the obvious, all failed.

And it seems that there is no place in the world anymore now, where one can try to find out in serenity what's really happening, what we really know, what is unknown, what's excluded, and so on. And that's the real tragedy. We have been hampering our own means of investigation. It is difficult to say now whether one or other analysis is just part of the polemics and position taking, or whether it is substantial.
 
  • #25
vanesch said:
And it seems that there is no place in the world anymore now, where one can try to find out in serenity what's really happening, what we really know, what is unknown, what's excluded, and so on. And that's the real tragedy. We have been hampering our own means of investigation. It is difficult to say now whether one or other analysis is just part of the polemics and position taking, or whether it is substantial.

So then why does virtually every major scientific institution of significance claim that AGW is almost certainly real? Why is it that we see all of this opposition in blogs, but not in any official statements? Are you claiming that there is a conspiracy? Are the major scientific institutions colluding to misrepresent the truth?

The only opposition seems to come from a handful of climate scientists, and people who aren't experts in the field. And, frankly, given that there are scientists who still refute Relativity, I don't pay much attention to fringe groups.
 
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  • #26
http://www.aapsonline.org/newsoftheday/0026

At a press conference on May 19, Arthur Robinson, Ph.D., announced the release of the names of 32,000 scientists who have signed a strongly worded petition dissenting from the alarmist assertions of Al Gore and the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).

http://www.uoguelph.ca/~rmckitri/research/ispm.html

Perhaps try this book

An attempt to discuss the science fallacy free here
 
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  • #27
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  • #28
Ivan Seeking said:
http://network.nationalpost.com/np/blogs/fpcomment/archive/2008/05/17/32-000-deniers.aspx

1992? A blog.

The link has been replaced by a http://www.aapsonline.org/newsoftheday/0026 the date is 19 May 2008

http://www.uoguelph.ca/~rmckitri/research/ispm.html

What is the point

http://www.uoguelph.ca/~rmckitri/research/ISPM.pdf:

There is no evidence provided by the IPCC in its Fourth Assessment Report that the
uncertainty can be formally resolved from first principles, statistical hypothesis testing
or modeling exercises. Consequently, there will remain an unavoidable element of
uncertainty as to the extent that humans are contributing to future climate change, and
indeed whether or not such change is a good or bad thing.

Pseudoscience by amateurs; and by one person in particular who as far as I know has NO, zip, zero, professional scientific credentials.

Please do sustain that claim about pseudoscience.
 
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  • #29
Andre said:
The link has been replaced by a http://www.aapsonline.org/newsoftheday/0026 the date is 19 May 2008

The AAPS. You see, This is exactly what I'm talking about. There is always some curve to the pitch. I see some they give some excuse wrt copyright. But as usual, it is some inappropriate reference. And who signed the petition? Were they climate scientists who actively study the problem? Or do we have 20,000 signatures by amateurs who are politically motivated? Also, could you post the current petition referenced? I'ts not clear what the petition actually says. Given the language, the petition itself sound loaded and biased.

We have scientific institutions populated by the appropriate experts to provide a consesus. We don't let anyone called a scientist have vote when we consider a consensus. We consider the opinions of the experts - biologists don't vote on the correctness of physics theories, and chemists generally stay away from Astronomy, for example.

http://www.uoguelph.ca/~rmckitri/research/ISPM.pdf:

Would you please answer the questions. Links are not answers. Links are evasions.
 
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  • #30
And again we are left with the implication that the major scientific institutions are colluding to misrepresent the truth.
 
  • #31
Andre said:
Please do sustain that claim about pseudoscience.

The claims are contrary or heavily skewed against what we are told by the appropriate scientific institutions - the places populated by the real experts who study this daily. I don't have to be an expert to make that determination.
 
  • #32
Ivan Seeking said:
Given the language, the petition itself sound loaded and biased.

See http://www.nationalpost.com/520843.bin of the petition.

http://www.uoguelph.ca/~rmckitri/research/ISPM.pdf:

Would you please answer the questions. Links are not answers. Links are evasions.

Links are substantiations to demonstrate that it's not a non qualified person speaking. For elaboration, numerous expert reviewers of the IPCC 4th assessment reports chapters about climatology items only, considered that there was a big gap between the science in the chapters they reviewed and the summary for policy makers. Therefore they decided to make their own summary for policy makers based and only based upon the original document. Their final conclusion as quoted, sustained by a few dozen other experts in the field is consistent with the text of the petition.
 
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  • #33
Having said that, doesn't mean that I fully concur with all the energy issues related to this. I do believe that we should do everything possible to ensure energy surety and security, starting with miminizing our energy needs. Also I do believe that biofuels may prove to be the main carrier to sustain air transport indefinitely. There is simply no alternative for high energy liquid fuels.

But the ugly fact is that climate has virtually nothing to do with it. And given that, the climate link to energy will backfire incredibly as soon as reality overtakes for everbody to see.
 
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  • #34
Ivan Seeking said:
The claims are contrary or heavily skewed against what we are told by the appropriate scientific institutions - the places populated by the real experts who study this daily.

Try this thread for instance, discussing:

G. V. CHILINGAR, L. F. KHILYUK, and O. G. SOROKHTIN, 2008, Cooling of Atmosphere Due to CO2 Emission, Energy Sources, Part A, 30:1–9, 2008 ISSN: 1556-7036 print/1556-7230 online DOI: 10.1080/15567030701568727

Introduction

Traditional anthropogenic theory of currently observed global warming states that release of carbon dioxide into atmosphere (partially as a result of utilization of fossil fuels) leads to an increase in atmospheric temperature because the molecules of CO2 (and other greenhouse gases) absorb the infrared radiation from the Earth’s surface. This statement is based on the Arrhenius hypothesis, which was never verified (Arrhenius, 1896).
The proponents of this theory take into consideration only one component of heat transfer in atmosphere, i.e., radiation. Yet, in the dense Earth’s troposphere with the pressure pa > 0:2 atm, the heat from the Earth’s surface is mostly transferred by convection (Sorokhtin, 2001a). According to our estimates, convection accounts for 67%, water vapor condensation in troposphere accounts for 25%, and radiation accounts for about 8% of the total heat transfer from the Earth’s surface to troposphere.

Thus, convection is the dominant process of heat transfer in troposphere, and all the theories of Earth’s atmospheric heating (or cooling) first of all must consider this process of heat (energy)– mass redistribution in atmosphere (Sorokhtin, 2001a, 2001b; Khilyuk and Chilingar, 2003, 2004).

Please point out the pseudoscience.

I don't have to be an expert to make that determination.

Hmm, so for judging the merits of pro-AGW studies one has to be an expert, but for judging skeptical studies there is no need to be one?
 
  • #35
Ivan Seeking said:
And again we are left with the implication that the major scientific institutions are colluding to misrepresent the truth.

It is a more complex phenomenon than this. What I observe is that what was at a certain point presented as "final proof" of AGW, has been, at different occasions, proved *wrong*. Nevertheless, it were these same "scientific institutions" which had presented these "proofs". There was the erroneous hockeystick, there was the erroneous correlation between paleo temperature proxies and CO2 content, there was the temperature rise prediction for the first decade of 2000-2010. They turned out *wrong*.
You cannot use your "reputation as a serious scientific institution" to claim that certain proofs are "beyond doubt", just to be contradicted by the facts 5 or 10 years later.
But worse, there has never been a public correction by these same institutions with the same publicity as the initial announcements of the "proofs".
How many times can one present something as "scientific reality beyond doubt" based upon the reputation of a serious scientific institution, and find out that the very proof turns out to be flawed a few years later ? There's nothing wrong with this as long as these are presented as working hypotheses. Science advances by formulating working hypotheses, and by finding out somewhat later that there are errors, just to propose new working hypotheses.

It is when one sells too soon "credible working hypotheses" as "scientific realities beyond doubt" that one crosses the line. And this is what has happened a few times now.

Where these institutions went wrong, is by claiming too soon, too much certainty. It is something which has happened in the past in many domains. Usually there are psychological group phenomena associated to this (look up "groupthink").

But again, that doesn't mean that the phenomenon at hand isn't real. Only, the "proof beyond doubt" was not real. It is really instructive to read the careful wording of the full report on the "physical basis" of the IPCC, and compare that to the cock sure attitude displayed in the summary reports. The difference is striking. You don't need to be a climate scientist to realize that.
 

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