- #1
maykot
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- 0
First of all, I'm not sure if this thread belongs here or at the "Special & General Relativity" sub-forum, if I posted at the wrong place please move it.
I encountered this problem working in my master's degree.
I need to find the stress-energy tensor of the following lagrangian:
[tex] \mathcal{L} = -\frac{1}{4}F^{\alpha\beta}F_{\alpha\beta} - j^{\alpha}A_{\alpha} [/tex]
Where: [itex] F_{\alpha\beta}=\partial _{\alpha} A_{\beta} - \partial _{\beta} A_{\alpha} [/itex]
Also, I'm working in curved space-time with the (+---) sign convention.
[tex] T^{\mu\nu} = \frac{2}{\sqrt{-g}} \frac{\delta S}{\delta g_{\mu\nu}} = 2 \frac{\partial \mathcal{L}}{\partial g_{\mu\nu}}-g^{\mu\nu} \mathcal{L} [/tex]
[tex] \frac{\partial g_{\alpha\beta}}{\partial g_{\mu\nu}} = \delta ^{\mu}_{\alpha} \delta ^{\nu} _{\beta} [/tex]
I raised the indices of all the tensors in the lagrangian ([itex] F_{\alpha\beta}=g_{\alpha\rho} g_{\beta\sigma}F^{\rho\sigma} [/itex], [itex] A_{\alpha}=g_{\alpha\rho} A^{\rho} [/itex]), considered all of the contravariant tensors constant with respect to [itex] g_{\mu\nu} [/itex] and then used the definition of the SET above and the formula above for the derivatives of the metric, resulting in:
[tex] T^{\mu\nu} = \frac{1}{4} g^{\mu\nu}F_{\alpha\beta}F^{\alpha\beta} + g_{\alpha\beta} F^{\mu\alpha} F^{\beta\nu} + g^{\mu\nu}j_{\alpha} A^{\alpha} - 2j^{\mu} A^{\nu} [/tex]
The problem is this is not the usual expression found in textbooks. Greiner, in his book Field Quantization, for instance, uses the Belinfante-Rosenfeld method to improve the canonical SET and finds:
[tex] T^{\mu\nu} = \frac{1}{4} g^{\mu\nu}F_{\alpha\beta}F^{\alpha\beta} + g_{\alpha\beta} F^{\mu\alpha} F^{\beta\nu} + g^{\mu\nu}j_{\alpha} A^{\alpha} - j^{\mu} A^{\nu} [/tex]
The only difference being the absence of the factor two in the last term.
Besides that, I cannot help but feel uncomfortable with the procedure I used to get to the SET.
Take the last term for example, making the following change in the lagrangian: [itex] j^{\alpha}A_{\alpha}=j_{\alpha}A^{\alpha} [/itex], the last term in the SET goes from [itex] -2j^{\mu} A^{\nu} [/itex] to [itex] -2j^{\nu} A^{\mu} [/itex].
Since this could in principle be done for any pair of vector fields this would imply that: [itex] A^{\mu} B^{\nu}=A^{\nu} B^{\mu} [/itex] for any [itex] A [/itex] and [itex] B [/itex], which is not true.
I am not sure what is wrong with my calculations, if someone could help me pointing it out I would be very grateful.
Homework Statement
I encountered this problem working in my master's degree.
I need to find the stress-energy tensor of the following lagrangian:
[tex] \mathcal{L} = -\frac{1}{4}F^{\alpha\beta}F_{\alpha\beta} - j^{\alpha}A_{\alpha} [/tex]
Where: [itex] F_{\alpha\beta}=\partial _{\alpha} A_{\beta} - \partial _{\beta} A_{\alpha} [/itex]
Also, I'm working in curved space-time with the (+---) sign convention.
Homework Equations
[tex] T^{\mu\nu} = \frac{2}{\sqrt{-g}} \frac{\delta S}{\delta g_{\mu\nu}} = 2 \frac{\partial \mathcal{L}}{\partial g_{\mu\nu}}-g^{\mu\nu} \mathcal{L} [/tex]
[tex] \frac{\partial g_{\alpha\beta}}{\partial g_{\mu\nu}} = \delta ^{\mu}_{\alpha} \delta ^{\nu} _{\beta} [/tex]
The Attempt at a Solution
I raised the indices of all the tensors in the lagrangian ([itex] F_{\alpha\beta}=g_{\alpha\rho} g_{\beta\sigma}F^{\rho\sigma} [/itex], [itex] A_{\alpha}=g_{\alpha\rho} A^{\rho} [/itex]), considered all of the contravariant tensors constant with respect to [itex] g_{\mu\nu} [/itex] and then used the definition of the SET above and the formula above for the derivatives of the metric, resulting in:
[tex] T^{\mu\nu} = \frac{1}{4} g^{\mu\nu}F_{\alpha\beta}F^{\alpha\beta} + g_{\alpha\beta} F^{\mu\alpha} F^{\beta\nu} + g^{\mu\nu}j_{\alpha} A^{\alpha} - 2j^{\mu} A^{\nu} [/tex]
The problem is this is not the usual expression found in textbooks. Greiner, in his book Field Quantization, for instance, uses the Belinfante-Rosenfeld method to improve the canonical SET and finds:
[tex] T^{\mu\nu} = \frac{1}{4} g^{\mu\nu}F_{\alpha\beta}F^{\alpha\beta} + g_{\alpha\beta} F^{\mu\alpha} F^{\beta\nu} + g^{\mu\nu}j_{\alpha} A^{\alpha} - j^{\mu} A^{\nu} [/tex]
The only difference being the absence of the factor two in the last term.
Besides that, I cannot help but feel uncomfortable with the procedure I used to get to the SET.
Take the last term for example, making the following change in the lagrangian: [itex] j^{\alpha}A_{\alpha}=j_{\alpha}A^{\alpha} [/itex], the last term in the SET goes from [itex] -2j^{\mu} A^{\nu} [/itex] to [itex] -2j^{\nu} A^{\mu} [/itex].
Since this could in principle be done for any pair of vector fields this would imply that: [itex] A^{\mu} B^{\nu}=A^{\nu} B^{\mu} [/itex] for any [itex] A [/itex] and [itex] B [/itex], which is not true.
I am not sure what is wrong with my calculations, if someone could help me pointing it out I would be very grateful.