Beyond standard model Definition and 17 Threads

Physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM) refers to the theoretical developments needed to explain the deficiencies of the Standard Model, such as the inability to explain the fundamental parameters of the standard model, the strong CP problem, neutrino oscillations, matter–antimatter asymmetry, and the nature of dark matter and dark energy. Another problem lies within the mathematical framework of the Standard Model itself: the Standard Model is inconsistent with that of general relativity, and one or both theories break down under certain conditions, such as spacetime singularities like the Big Bang and black hole event horizons.
Theories that lie beyond the Standard Model include various extensions of the standard model through supersymmetry, such as the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) and Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (NMSSM), and entirely novel explanations, such as string theory, M-theory, and extra dimensions. As these theories tend to reproduce the entirety of current phenomena, the question of which theory is the right one, or at least the "best step" towards a Theory of Everything, can only be settled via experiments, and is one of the most active areas of research in both theoretical and experimental physics.

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  1. F

    A Could a CPL parametrization be included into Brans-Dicke model?

    I have studied up to now about forecasts to constrain cosmological parameters in the context of CPL( Chevallier-Polarski-Linder ) parametrization with w_0, ,w_a parameters in equation of state for cosmic fluid. For this, I have used Matter power spectra ("fake data") generated by CAMB and CLASS...
  2. lindberg

    B What is a non-local Hamiltonian?

    If I understand it correctly, the Hamiltonian represents the total energy of the system. Can it be non-local? If yes, doesn't this contradict relativistic locality?
  3. S

    A Vacuum Transitions and Lorentz Symmetry Breaking

    There are several "bumblebee" models [1], [2] where Lorentz invariance is violated usually resulting from a local vector or tensor field acquiring a nonzero vacuum expectation value We do not know whether we are in the true vacuum state or in a "false"/metastable vacuum state that could decay...
  4. S

    I From a false vacuum to a true vacuum?

    In theory (please correct me if I am wrong in any point), if our vacuum were metastable (i.e. in a "false vacuum" state), it could go through a phase transition into a stable state (a "true vacuum" state). Depending on the properties of the new vacuum, fundamental forces and particles could...
  5. Safinaz

    A How to find the value of the baryon asymmetry in this paper

    I'm trying to understand from this paper https://pdg.lbl.gov/2020/reviews/rpp2020-rev-bbang-nucleosynthesis.pdf What is the value of the baryon to photon ratio ##\eta=n_b/n_\gamma## as named in figure 24.1, but I can't get from the figure or the paper how ##\eta## is of order ##10^{-10}## Any...
  6. F

    A Probing Dark Matter Physics: What Properties Can We Derive?

    This is probably a long shot but it's worth trying. My question is the following: What properties of dark matter can we derive from each of the available methods for probing the physics of dark matter? To elaborate a bit, my understanding is that the evidence for dark matter comes from its...
  7. P

    A Strand conjecture published with testable predictions

    The new paper "Testing a conjecture on the origin of the standard model" Eur. Phys. J. Plus 136, 79 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-020-01046-8 has been published. Springer allows to read it online at https://rdcu.be/cdwSI . Over 100 numbered experimental predictions about physics...
  8. Helena Wells

    A Neutrino decay before electroweak breaking

    Most scientists believe neutrinos don't get their mass from the Higgs field due to their tiny mass compared to the next lightest particle(electron).During the electroweak epoch the rest particles were massless but neutrinos shouldn't be. The neutrinos would then decay to the other massless ( i...
  9. Helena Wells

    I Possibilty of flavor oscillation of an electron

    Neutrinos oscillate at different flavors while propagating in space and this is due to their mass.Any particle being massless cannot oscillate between different flavors while leptons with the mass of the electron and above are very unlikely to change their flavor. Will we able to detect a change...
  10. P

    A Strand Model Published: Physics of Particles & Nuclei 50 (2019)

    This is just to complement some older threads on the topic. The strand model, a conjecture that appears to describe both the standard model and general relativity, has been published. The DOI is http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/S1063779619030055 and the reference is Physics of Particles and Nuclei...
  11. CharlieCW

    A Is AdS/CFT Theory a Viable Option for Post-Graduate Research in HEP?

    Lately AdS/CFT seems to have been a very promising tool to simplify calculations in HEP (ex. quark-gluon plasma) and offer some insights into quantum gravity. I was considering doing a Master or PhD thesis in this field, but I'm wondering if the prospects are more reasonable than just string...
  12. diegzumillo

    A Conformal Window: Understanding the Basics

    I'm reading about extensions of standard model and this pops up frequently but it's not very clear. I understand it's a region in parameters space so renormalization group naturally becomes relevant and that's about it for my understanding. I can't connect any of this to the beta function of the...
  13. ohwilleke

    I Triggers and Litmus Tests For BSM Physics Papers

    There are scores of new papers proposing or discussing new Beyond the Standard Model physics theories every week (at arXiv and elsewhere) and unless you have an infinite amount of time you can't read them all in depth. What "triggers and litmus tests" do you rely upon to identify, either papers...
  14. Riotto

    A What are singular and double seesaw?

    I have just started reading about neutrino physics and recently came across two terms called double seesaw and singular seesaw. Although I’m familiar with other seesaw mechanisms (such as type-I and II) for explaining smallness of neutrino mass. I’m completely at dark about double and singular...
  15. AJPsi

    A Has This Mysterious Mathematical Group Been Identified in Physics Research?

    While investigating various aspects of generalised least action principles over the last several years I have come across an algebraic mathematical group that I am finding hard to classify but whose root vectors should relate to the standard model (no it is not E8 ! nor any exceptional group I...
  16. A

    Exploring Beyond the Standard Model: Current Research Topics in Physics

    Hello, I just wanted to know what some of the current hot topics in physics beyond the standard model are. What are some examples of specific research topics and how do they relate to a broader problem in physics?
  17. naima

    Is Hestenes massless electron beyond standard model?

    Hi all I just read Hestenes paper He has a massless electron which rotates about a fixed point at the speed of light . (look at eqns 8 9 10 and fig 1) I wonder if this is in the standard model or beyond? What is the lagragian of this "zitter" model?
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