Excited states Definition and 33 Threads

Always curious, looking forward to reading and (maybe) participating in some physics discussions!

Hello, I work with a spectrometer that does ionizations through laser 2+1 photons resonant ionization (a high power narrow bandwidth laser is tuned to a precise wavelenght so that it allows reaching an excited energy level of a particular element with the sum of two photons absorbed...

Hello! I am reading about excited levels in nuclei (I am mainly following Wong's nuclear physics book) and I am a bit confused about the nature of the excited states. In the one particle picture (mainly shell model) the excitation appears as static i.e. one nucleon moves from a certain orbital...

Hello! How are the parity and spin of excited states of nuclei measured experimentally. I imagine that the energy can be easily measured by exciting the nucleus (by colliding it with a nucleon or electron for example) and then measuring the emitted photons. But how can one infer the spin and...

The figure below is from a textbook. It is explaining what excited states are using carbon as an example. I don't necessarily agree that the the state labeled as "example excited state 1" is really an excited state. Since the electrons in the 2p orbitals are unpaired, and in the absence of a...

Holographic Relations for OPE Blocks in Excited States https://arxiv.org/pdf/1809.09107.pdf Jesse C. Cresswell†1 , Ian T. Jardine†2 , and Amanda W. Peet†§3 †Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada §Department of Mathematics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON...

How can we differentiate among the lifetimes of the excited states of the hydrogen atom? The states are: 2p, 2s, 3s, 3p

Homework Statement Consider the following example from a previous exam. We are to predict the spin and parity for F(A=17,Z=9), Florine, in the ground state and the first two excited states using the shell model. Ground state: Neutrons: (1s 1/2)^2 (1p 3/2)^4 (1p 1/2)^2 Protons: (1s 1/2)^2...

Hi all, I have a question about Slater Determinant for excited states. Let's say we want to construct approximate (2 level) wavefunction of He in some certain state. Since we have two electrons in two level system with spin in consideration, we can construct total of 4 different wavefunctions...

Homework Statement In a flame test lab, where different unknown substances are heated and the identity of the substance is determined by the color emitted, what can be some sources of error? Homework Equations n/a The Attempt at a Solution I need three sources of error, and so far I have...

All textbooks and material that I've read on the topic state that the deuteron being a weakly bound system, has no excited state. They also go on to state that the deuteron exists as a mixture of ##^3 S_1## and ##^3D_1## states. So, are these states degenerate in energy? That is, are both of...

if in a hydrogen atom the electron is in a excited state, is the net charge the same vs ground state? what is the difference between charge and energy here? thx

I would appreciate very much if you could help me with a puzzling question that seems a paradox to me. Every excited state of an atom (every line of the characteristic spectrum) has a “width”: the higher the width, the shorter the lifetime of the state, and when the atom de-excitates we get...

Homework Statement Consider a particle of mass m in the ground state of a potential well of width 2 a and depth. the particle was in the ground state of the potential well with V0 < Vcritical, which means the well is a narrow one. At t = 0 the bottom of the potential well is shifted down to Vo'...

Homework Statement An atom in an excited state has a lifetime of 1.2 x 10 -8 sec; in a second excited state the lifetime is 2.3 x 10 -8 sec. What is the uncertainty in energy for the photon emitted when an electron makes a transition between these two levels? Homework Equations...

Do protons and neutrons have excited states? This page shows some simulated shapes of protons. http://discovermagazine.com/2003/aug/breakprotons Do the different shapes have to do with different energy states of the proton?

Homework Statement A state at the 2nd exited level is of the form: ##|\epsilon>=(\epsilon_{\mu\nu}\alpha^\mu_{-1}\alpha^\nu_{-1}+\epsilon_{\mu}\alpha^\nu_{-2})|0;p>## Find the spectrum of the 2nd excited states, the value of the mass squared, the condition for the state to be physical, and the...

The J/Psi is a state of charmonium with J=1, S=1, L=0. So J^{PC} = 1^{--}. It can be excited to states J^\prime \textrm{ and } J^{\prime\prime}, but these don't change any of these numbers. So what is changing?

If you have a meson in the states ## ^3S_1## and ## ^1S_0 ## this means that ##J^P = 1^+ ## and ## 0^+## doesn't it? But if you have excited states ## ^1P_1 ## this is ##J^P=1^- ## but isn't ## ^3P_1 ## supposed to be ##J^P = 1^- ##? Does this matter? ##^3P_0##, ##^3P_1## and ##^3P_2## for...

Maybe the answer to this should be obvious, but if the quantum harmonic oscillator has a natural angular frequency \omega_0, why do the excited states vibrate with higher and higher angular frequencies? How do we obtain these frequencies? Thanks!

Does the proton have n-pole excited states? Or n-pole excited states exist only for A>1?

Hey guys, I'm an engineering PhD student, and I'm doing some work with laser-induced fluorescence. At the moment, I'm trying to understand some notation about the excited states of nitrogen dioxide. One of the papers I'm looking at, V.M. Donnelly, et al. J. Chem. Phys. 71, 659 (1979), is saying...

My book calculates the ratio of probability to find an atom in an excited state vs finding it in the ground state in the sun and gets approx 1/109. Essentially this must mean that the ratio of the multiplicities of the system must also be equal to this, i.e.: \Omega2/\Omega1 = 1/109 How...

QM says that states which are simultaneous eigenstates of two commuting observables are allowed. If you don't have such states to start with you can construct them with the Gramm-Schmidt orthogonalization procedure. Consider the excited states of a nucleus. (They can be considered eigenstates...

Can one go about creating excited states of a nucleus without using neutrons? For example, Aluminium 26 exists in a ground state that has a half-life of about 70000 years, and decays by beta particle emission. It can also exist in an excited state that decays with a half-life of about 6.3...

I've never heard of any excited states of the proton. Why? By "excited state" I mean something with the same composition (uud) that decays to the proton (plus photons etc.) with nearly 100% branching ratio.

Hi all, I'm doing some test prep for a Nuclear Physics course and working on a past paper. I've attached a photo of the question. The diagram is 3.19 in Krane. The course is based on Krane, and so the relevant chapter is Chp 5: Nuclear Models. Problem description The problem is to explain...

Homework Statement Rotation of a deformed nucleus is predicted to produce nuclear excited states with energies given by E(J)=J(J+1)hbar/2I. The first two excited states of 238 U are Jpi = 2+(0.045MeV) and Kpi=4+(0.148MeV). Show these energies are consistent with rotational excitation stating...

Homework Statement The ground state of _{6}Cl^{13} has spin-parity 1/2- and the next three excited states have values of 1/2+, 3/2- and 5/2+. Explain these values in terms of the shell model.The Attempt at a Solution The problem is that i don't know what is being asked of me...i initially...

This is a question relating to Problem 7-1 in Modern Physics (5th ed.) by Tipler and Llewellyn. Find the energies E311, E222, E321 and construct an energy-level diagram for the three-dimensional cubic well that includes the third, fourth, and fifth excited states. How are these states...

Homework Statement Which of the following electron configurations correspond to an excited state? Identify the atoms and write the ground-state electron configuration where appropriate. 1s2 2s2 2p4 3s1 [Ar]4s2 3d5 4p1 Homework Equations none The Attempt at a Solution I have no...

Here's the problem: http://www.phys.washington.edu/users/karch/324/2007/hw3.pdf Just the first one. Okay, so my understanding is that the first state of Psi (ground state) is just an arc, like a Gaussian distribution, starting from 0 at E0 and finishing at 5a also at the level of E0...

Consider a helium atom where both electrons are replaced by identical charged particles of spin-1. Ignoring the motion of the nucleus, the Hamiltonian is [see attachment 1] Construct an energy level diagram ( qualitatively ) for this "atom", when both particles are in the n=1 state, and...