Hadron Definition and 69 Threads

One of the first particles predicted by quantum chromodynamics (QCD), which consists of the laws of physics related to the strong force, whose properties have been calculated for almost fifty years, is the glueball. The glueball is a strong force bound composite particle made up of gluons, but...

The LHCb collaboration at the Large Hadron Collider has developed a new set of rules for naming composite particles bound by the strong force (i.e. hadrons) that are contemplated by existing rules for naming them. This has significant practical relevance to anyone dealing with high energy hadron...

I am looking for articles or books that would clearly and succinctly state the open problem of and issues with computing hadron masses and spins in QCD from first principles, preferably in relation to the open problem of confinement and the general open problem of non-perturbative QCD. Any...

Regge-theory succesfully explains the latest LHC ##pp## elastic scattering experimental results and total cross-sections: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1711.03288 https://arxiv.org/abs/1808.08580 Three different Regge-trajectories are needed: one Reggeon, one (soft) Pomeron and one Odderon. The...

As far as I know, the total cross-sections of the following hadron interactions are well described by a single Reggeon trajectory and a single Pomeron (soft Pomeron) trajectory. ##K^-p: (11.93s^{0.0808}+25.33s^{-0.4525})mb## ##K^+p:(11.93s^{0.0808}+7.58s^{-0.4525})mb## ##\bar...

Proton is made of 2 up, 1 down quarks Neutron is made of 2 down, 1 up quarks The up and down quark have different masses, which account for some of the mass difference. I've also read that hadron masses depend upon the interactions/dynamics inside the particle, not just the quarks contained...

Mesons and baryons have both a ground state and excited states involving the same valence quarks but a higher mass (which can in principle be calculated from QCD). Fundamental fermions and bosons, however, do not appear to display this behavior. They have a ground state, and while there are...

Hi, I was asking how fast is the fastest Hadron ever moved in the large Hadron collider.And most importantly how do they calculate it? Do the calculate it mathematically or with a detector?

I know the PF rules regarding using only peer reviewed texts, but in this case, it's the only source I have access to and I'm not trying to promote the content in any way, really I'm just trying to understand if it is actually saying what it seems to be. https://arxiv.org/pdf/1303.3752...

Is there a programmable telescope that will point to any spot on Earth from my location that I could simply plug in the latitude and longitude and it would point at the location anywhere on Earth. For instance, if I wanted it to point at the LHC (Large Hadron Collider), could I just plug in the...

In the calculation of R=σ(e+e-→hadrons)/σ(e+e-→μ+μ-) from BaBar experimental data at a center of mass energy of √s≈10 GeV i obtain R=5. Theoretically I should get a value of R=10/3. I know it has something to do with the resonances of ϒ mesons shown in the plot attached, but I don't know how to...

Just out of curiosity I was wondering what would happen if a Bose-Einstein condensate were placed in a Hadron Collider. Is it even possible?

As far as I know there are Mesons (quark-Antiquark pair) and Baryons (three quarks). But are there Hadrons which contain more than 3 Quarks?

What are the weak isospins (T3 values) of various hadrons, including the proton, neutron, mesons, hyperons and other hadrons? How is the weak isospin calculated for any hadron? Published sources provide T3 only for fundamental fermions, that is, quarks and leptons. In the fundamental bosonic...

Or, is that that the hadrons are large? Or, are they both large? What exactly is the adjective "large" qualifying please? I do know that the tunnel is very large indeed, and that this is the most sophisticated machine ever built.

the higgs naturalness problems has several solutions 1- natural susy 2- technicolor 3- extra dimensions 4- conformal invariance Large Hadron Collider has to date strongly disfavored susy, technicolor, extra dimensions. it is highly unlikely susy is the answer to the higgs hierarchy problem...

Hi, i heard that as the universe will expand and the energy will grow sparse, in the end the matter itself will turn into radiation that will loose energy. So i wanted to ask, can a proton decay? and is it the same phenomenon as radioactive decay? Does it mean that even hydrogen (with no...

It's to my understanding that the Large Hadron Collider is so 'large' due to the fact E=MC^2 and that when the accelerated particles approach the speed of light their mass increases logarithmic to a near infinite mass, meaning the magnetic force applied to the particle, to stop it from touching...

My background of some introductory courses in particle physics has left me with severe shortcomings. Say we start from a hadron, which decays purely to other hadrons. My question is this: through which interaction does the process take place? Is there a preferred interaction, and why/why not...

Homework Statement Calculate the ratio ##R = \frac{\sigma_{had}}{\sigma_{\mu+\mu-}}## for energy around ##10~GeV##. At sufficiently high energies, the ##e^+e^- \rightarrow \mu^+ \mu^-## reaction can proceed via the ##Z^0## boson. Assuming vertex factors for EM and weak interaction are the same...

Homework Statement (a) Explain the results. (b) Why is the cross section much higher? Suggest the dominant decay product pair.[/B] Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution [/B] Part(a) For a centre of mass energy of ##170GeV##, you produce pairs of oppositely charged ##W^{\pm},W^{\mp}##...

Homework Statement (a) Explain spin and parity of mesons (b) State their quark content (c) Draw a feynman diagram of J/psi decay (d) Why doesn't ##\chi## undergo leptonic decay? (e) What is the minimum centre of mass? [/B] Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution Part(a)[/B] Spin is...

Large Hadron Collider is restarting ... wonder what will be discovered ... particles somehow related to dark matter ... and other wonders ... Cern restarts Large Hadron Collider with mission to make scientific history | Science | The Guardian Peter

Just a general inquiry, and not for any personal gain and or theory, I would like to know if anyone has developed a formula for measuring the vibrational rate of an atom.

If one was to entangle two particles and either send the two particles at each other, or send one of the entangled particles and observe the other; what do you think might happen? If there are any problems with getting an entangled particle into the Hadron Collider, please say so.

What would happen if I was standing in the LHC and I was hit by a (one) proton traveling at 99.999991% the speed of light. Would the collision burn a hole in me? or would it simply be going so fast that it passes through me without interacting with the particles in my body?

Hi, I have been getting a little confused; the textbook (and from what i can see on-line) are saying that Hadrons only interact through the strong interaction (along with the electromagnetic force if charged Q) and yet K Mesons decay through the weak interaction. If my understanding is correct...

How is the mass of hadrons calculated from constituent quarks? It seems classically it should come from three parts: (p2+m2)1/2 for each constituent quark with rest mass m, plus interactions between the quarks, which would be electromagnetic Coloumb 1/R potential between any two of the three...

I was wondering if someone could explain to me how you determine how a Baryon/Meson decays, meaning Strong decay, Weak decay, and Electromagnetic decay. Or if you could simply link me to a chart with a list of all of the forces they use to decay (if such a thing exists, I can't find one) it...

Hi guys, I have the idea of putting together a model collider that fires two smashable objects (eggs or whatever) at each other and show a high speed camera footage of the objects hitting each other - this is all as an analogy of what the hadron collider does at CERN. Any ideas what I...

Dear all; why we study hadron physics? For instance different people calculates the decay constant of mesons using different methods and they get approximately the same result, the difference is too small. So why not people they apply the same mathematical method?

I was on the LHC simulator and the collisions of the Hydrogen atoms were confusing. Why were some uniform in direction while some spinning erratically in a cork screw pattern? Does that behavior have anything to do with the positive or negative charges of the Quarks in the nucleus?

so according to wiki: protons have a Lorentz factor of about 7,500 and move at about 0.999999991 c, or about 3 metres per second slower than the speed of light (c) If we consider speed of Earth's rotation or speed at which two galaxies approach each other (collision or otherwise)?

Quarks are imprisoned in hadrons, and have large binding and kinetic energies at all times. Ditto about gluons. How can inertial mass of quarks inside hadrons be measured? Also, how is it proven that gluons are massless? What effects would happen if gluons had rest mass, as much as up to a...

Hey guys! I have a quick question! When were hadron jets first dicvovered? I would appreciate a year and month if possible:smile:

According to Wikipedia, the source of all knowledge, the LHC contains some 1,232 dipole magnets with an additional 392 quadrupole magnets. What is the difference in function between the two types of magnets? How might the effects of magnetic field gradients contribute to the differences...

Hi @ all, I have a question about IR divergences at hadron colliders. I can see that there are also IR divergences in loop diagrams such as the vertex correction and so on... I also see the IR ones in the real gluon/quark/ or photon emission... so that for example the gluon is soft or...

I cam across this statement in Wikipedia: Note that the mass of a hadron has very little to do with the mass of its valence quarks; rather, due to mass–energy equivalence, most of the mass comes from the large amount of energy associated with the strong interaction. I find it somewhat...

Hi just a quick question, why do they choose to collide the ions at just under the speed of light? what would happen if they were shot at the speed of light or higher?

Hi all, I'm trying to understand the solution to a problem from a textbook. We're asked to find the proportionality constant for $$\frac{d\sigma_{\rm elastic}}{dq^2}\propto e^{bt},$$ where q is the momentum transfer in a scattering process, defined in elastic scattering as...

One of the aims of the Large Hadron Collider is that it may be able to re-create conditions in the early universe and therefore produce the quark-gluon plasma that appeared microseconds after the universe's birth. However a fundamental difference between the universe now (in which the...

Who discovered the Hadron and when? What properties does the Hardron have? What are all the interesting facts about the hadron?

Q.) what substance is used for the hadron collider, the metal? I presume a metal compound of some sort but was wondering which and would it have to withstand high temperatures or are the electromagnets used kept at low temperatures due to better effieciency?

Recently I saw a talk stating that the hadron resonance gas model, which is basically all the known hadrons put together as ideal gases, describes lattice QCD "data" really well. Like in this paper: http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/0303108 In this paper Fig. 1 is what I am looking at. I tried that...

Can anyone explain a bit how does the LHC uses magnetic filed to accelerate protons? And why does it use protons for the collision? Couldn't they have used electrons?

Large Hadron Collider! Hello again...I'm back! Now I got another amazing physics investigation :D This assignment is due next week and it's about the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) The task requires me to write the research of its development and application, purpose, use of fields in and the...

By what factor would the radius parallel to the direction of travel contract for a 7 TeV proton, relative to an antiparallel 7 TeV proton, in the Large Hadron Collider?

Hi, Halzen and Martin, on page 18 of their book, describe the resolution of hadron structure using virtual photons obtained by annihilating e+ and e- beams. In Figure 1.11(b), isn't the positron arrow shown wrongly? It seems to be moving forward in time. (Or maybe I'm just being picky...

Ok, apologies if my understanding is limited or even wrong but I know I'll learn something from your replies even if my question turns out to be idiotic! Relativity gives us length contraction as we approach the speed of light but quantum mechanics gives us uncertainty as to a particles...

1) Why do the electrodes in a linear accelerator get progressively longer? 2) What is a synchrotron? what is it used for? 3) How does a Geiger-Muller (GM) tube work? 4) How are particles detected in a hadron collider?