Isolated system Definition and 45 Threads

Hey everyone, I have an attempt at fully solving this problem (my final pressure is ##p_f = 5373,64 hPa##, final temp. is ##T_f = 303,15K = 30C##), but this exercise confuses me very much. First, I have not used the masses in my calculations and I'm pretty sure my prof. accidentally copypasted...

Read the book and conducted research on the internet. Came to conclusion that this was an isolated system because the girl was being accelerated by gravity but answer is non isolated. Can someone please help me grasp this concept better.

If a closed system has kinetic and potential energy such as the total energy (the sum of the two) equals zero for all times, what does that mean? In other words, what does it physically mean that the total energy is always zero for a closed system? I think I have a small misunderstanding of the...

ΔU_A + ΔU_B = 0 (Is this because of isolated system am I right?) ΔU_A = CA * (T_final - T_A ) ΔU_B=CB * (T_final-T_B) And because of a very slow process : S=ln(T) T_final= (CA T_A + CB T_B)/(CA + CB) ΔS_final = CA*ln(T_f/TA) + ln(T_f/TB) * CB My QUESTION is : When we say No heat exchange...

I have difficulty at choosing isolated system.We can not choose rope and block to be the isolated system?This is for number 20.

Can the universe be treated as a thermodynamic isolated system? And why?

Imagine there is an radiation concentrator (winston cone) surrounded with extremely many layers of foil for radiation insulation, except at the smaller opening. Every part of the setup is initially in thermal equilibrium with the surroundings. The amount of thermal radiation flowing through the...

it seems it is not reasonable Sorry it said that delta S>=0 in an isolated system. i know why they put " = " sign, but i don't know why it is still possible that dS>0 in an isolated systembecause in an isolated system,it is said that dQ=0 (because no heat transfer between the system and the...

Homework Statement In a container of negligible mass, equal amounts (in weight) of ice at 0°C and steam at 100°C are mixed at atmospheric pressure. Assuming no heat exchange with the surroundings, what is the temperature when the system reaches equilibrium? What are the fractions of weights of...

Okay, so I've reached the Work Chapters in my textbook, and I've noticed some contradictions, especially in what consists (and what doesn't) an Isolated System, plus the external and/or applied forces. For example, in one of the "Speed Questions" it categorizes a single cube as a non-isolated...

Is the law of conservation of momentum valid in non isolated system . What is an isolated system? My teacher confuses me that the law is valid in an non isolated system . They even say that when we say about the isolated system (meaning they are present ) we do not consider the air resistance...

Hello, In my textbook I read this example: A gas in an isolated system expands after pulling out a separating plate, so its volume increases and there is no work or heat exchange. the entropy of if the ideal gas is $$\Delta S = n R \ln \frac {V_1} {V_2}$$ and the second law of thermodynamics...

This is with regard to 2 boxes of different masses that are stacked on top of each other and pushed at a constant velocity across a table that has friction. One of the sentences is right: "When the boxes move at a constant speed, there is no change in momentum. This means that the boxes are an...

I came up with a doubt regarding isochoric irreversible processes. Is it always true that, for any isochoric process, reversible or not, the work exchanged by the system is zero and the heat exchanged is ##Q=\Delta U##? I'm asking this because, in a exercise on thermodynamics trasformations of...

inertial frame is one in which isolated particle has constant velocity but is there actually any "isolated particle " ? how then can frame be defined as or not being inertial ? or is it that - for a system in which acceleration due to external forces is equal for all members , the frame of...

If I'm just trying to design a system to minimize heat loss, would the following suffice? The system or object would be magnetically levitated inside a vacuum chamber. The interior lining of the vacuum chamber would also be covered in a sheet of radiation reflecting material.

Homework Statement Consider a thermally isolated system consisting of two volumes, ##V_A = V## and ##V_B = 2V## of an ideal gas, separated by a thermally conducting and movable partition. The temperature of the gas in both sides are ##T_A = T_B = T##, and the pressures are ##p_A = p## and ##p_B...

I know the debate about Schrodinger's cat is usually about things like consciousness but I want to talk about what it might say about isolated systems. Does the wave function of isolated systems remain in a superposition of observable states no matter how large the system gets? Say you have...

I'm new to the forums and unfortunately I have a pretty dumb question... So in isolated system internal forces cancel each other out every single time,like pushing on a door of your car does not create any motion of your car at all. You basically can't pull yourself up by the bootstraps. I...

ΔU=q-w and in a free expansion w=0 and Free expansion is an irreversible process in which a gas expands into an insulated evacuated chamber. Does this mean that free expansion is an isolated system? Meaning the walls of the container are adiabatic in which no heat can enter the system and so q=0...

Hello, here's a questions I was wondering if any of you could solve. I don't have the exact numbers, but the scenario is this: a guy standing on the Earth throws a ball upwards and catches it a few seconds later. How does would affect the potential energy and/or mechanical energy of the...

Homework Statement There is a line in a question: "Entropy of an isolated system is always maximised at equilibrium." And it is given true. But Why? Homework Equations None The Attempt at a Solution In an isolated system heat input is equal to zero. And we know that entropy= heat...

Hello, I need to solve the Poisson equation in gravitational case (for galaxy dynamics) with Green's function by applying Fast Fourier Transform. I don't understand the method used for an isolated system from (Hockney & Eastwood 1981); it says : I have 2 questions: * Why we duplicate the...

So I'm more into electricity, so fluids is not really a forte at all. But I have been thinking about this, and there must be some fundamental issue in the way that I view fluid pressure. Conditions: 1. I have a metal pipe, incompressible 2. There is water in the pipe, (incompressible? ...

Is a coffee cup usually considered to be a closed system? Why or why not? Does it matter that steam or hot coffee may be evaporating? (I think the steam is usually considered to be an insignificant amount of matter, allowing classification to be a closed system, but am unsure.) Is a bomb...

Homework Statement A 20.0 kg cannonball is fired from a cannon with a muzzle speed of 1000 m/s at an angle of 37.0° with the horizontal. A second ball is fired at an angle of 90.0°. (a) Use the isolated system model to find the maximum height reached by each ball. (b) What is the total...

Hello, I was thinking about a situation last night and couldn't convince myself of a correct answer, so I thought i'd put it to you guys. Imagine an isolated system containing a star at some temperature radiating a given amount of energy into the environment. Can the environments temperature...

Homework Statement Consider two fixed volume bricks of mass m1=2kg and m2=1kg with initial temperatures T1=400K and T2=100K. They are enclosed in a system thermally isolated from the surroundings and are made from a material with a heat capacity cv = 1kJ/kg/K. A) In Process 1, the bricks are...

I have encountered 2 answers for this question. 1. In the natural sciences an isolated system is a physical system without any external exchange – neither matter nor energy can enter or exit, but can only move around inside. Truly isolated systems cannot exist in nature, other than possibly...

Disclaimer: I am not a physicist and this was just some random question that popped into my head. According to the law of conservation of energy, energy cannot be destroyed or created. So the energy in our current universe is the same as it was right after the big bang right? But can't...

(energy is the capacity of a physical system to perform work and, an isolated system is a physical system without any external exchange – neither matter nor energy can enter or exit.) so, how is the energy of an isolated system defined? can it even be defined in principle??

As we know the microcanonical ensemble is concerned with the isolated system. What is the definition of isolated system here? Can we call here each system which only is not in contact with any source of temeperature (No matter how much work is done) an isolated system?

Homework Statement Derive an equation for the change in entropy that occurs in an isolated (micro-canonical) system containing N particles, if an adiabatic expansion from volume V1 to volume V1 takes place. Show that the number of microstates is given by V^N.Homework Equations Entropy S =...

Does the current model of cosmology treat the universe as an isolated system?

"The charge of an isolated system is conserved" What is the meaning of isolated system ?

Consider the universe as an isolated system, its entropy always increase? when stop? dS=>dq\T, as dq=o in universe an isolated system, dS always bigger than zero. so increase nonstop?

hi I am having a few conception problems with entropy problem: a solid with constant heat capacity and initial temp To, is brought in contact with hotter reservoir temp T1 and allowed to come into equilibrium. This is all isolated. a) is the change in the entropy of the universe negative...

I considered entropy to never decrease in an isolated system, so I am a little confused when i read about how molecules 'self assemble' to lower interfacial energy which leads to an ordering of the system... Is this ordering not a decrease in entropy violating the law that it always...

Homework Statement A 180 N child is in a swing that is attached to ropes 1.80 m long. Find the gravitational potential energy of the child-Earth system relative to the child's lowest position at the following times. (a) when the ropes are horizontal Homework Equations Kf+Ugf=Ki+U[SUB]gi[SUB]...

Homework Statement A ball of mass m = 8 kg is dropped from rest at a height h = 13.9 m above the ground, as in Figure 7.4. Ignore air resistance. If the ball is being released with a downward speed 4.9 m/s initially, what will be its final speed when it hits the table 0.7 m below the release...

Hello, Consider a system that is made of a man and a hockey ball on ice (frictionless). Say the man's mass is 80kg and the ball is 0.5kg. At t=0, they are together and they don't move. At an instant the man throw the ball at \frac{10m}{s} against a wall (the ball suffers an elastic...

For the following question, the answer given is b. Non-Isolated http://tinyurl.com/2s3waq But may I know why it is not a. Isolated?

hello. If in isolated system two objects (one wih momentum 6 and the other with momentum 3)collide, total momentum of the system always remains the same (total_momentum=9). Depending on the mass, material of objects and some other variables, the change of momentum could vary. Does maximum...

hi,I already solved the problem but my question is partly related to it A person with mass m=80kg is climbing up the helicopter ladder that is hovering in the air.Person climbs with speed 0.5m/s relative to the ladder. With what speed is helicopter descending? If we think of helicopter...

When we ascribe a probability to a physical configuration, are we not arbitrarily assuming 1. That the system excludes the observer, 2. How isolated the system is, 3. How comprehensive the system actually is, 4. The reproducibility of measurement?