Linear independence Definition and 175 Threads

My question will be about item (c). Part (a) Note that for ##x\geq 0## we have ##f(x)=g(x)##. For ##x<0## we have ##f(x)=-g(x)##. Since ##f## is a constant times ##g## then one column of the matrix in the Wronskian is a constant times the other column. Thus, the Wronskian is zero, Note that...

Looking at the wronskian applications- came across this; Okay, i noted that one can also have this approach(just differentiate directly). Sharing just incase one has more insight. ##-18c \sin 2x -4k\cos x \sin x - 4k\sin x\cos x =0## ##-18c\sin 2x-2k\sin2x-2k\sin 2x=0## ##-18c\sin 2x =...

If I've got three vectors ##\vec{a}##, ##\vec{b}## and ##\vec{c}## and ##\vec{a}##, ##\vec{b}## are linearly independent and ##\vec{c}## is linearly independent from ##\vec{a}##, is ##\vec{c}## also linearly independent from ##\vec{b}##?

I'm trying to prove that there exist always a vector w whose contraction with a lightlike vector u (g(u,u)=0) it's always different from zero: $g(u,v)≠0$I know how to do this with coordinates, but in a free cordinate scheme I'm totally lost. Any help? PD: Both vectors are linearly independent.

Summary:: x Question: Book's Answer: My attempt: The coordinate vectors of the matrices w.r.t to the standard basis of ## M_2(\mathbb{R}) ## are: ## \lbrack A \rbrack = \begin{bmatrix}1\\2\\-3\\4\\0\\1 \end{bmatrix} , \lbrack B \rbrack = \begin{bmatrix}1\\3\\-4\\6\\5\\4 \end{bmatrix}...

Hello, I am doing a vector space exercise involving functions using the free linear algebra book from Jim Hefferon (available for free at http://joshua.smcvt.edu/linearalgebra/book.pdf) and I have trouble with the author's solution for problem II.1.24 (a) of page 117, which goes like this ...

Hi! I want to check if i have understood concepts regarding the quotient U/V correctly or not. I have read definitions that ##V/U = \{v + U : v ∈ V\}## . U is a subspace of V. But v + U is also defined as the set ##\{v + u : u ∈ U\}##. So V/U is a set of sets is this the correct understanding...

Summary:: I attach a picture of the given problem below, just before my attempt to solve it. We are required to show that ##\alpha_1 \varphi_1(t) + \alpha_2 \varphi_2(t) = 0## for some ##\alpha_1, \alpha_2 \in \mathbb{R}## is only possible when both ##\alpha_1, \alpha_2 = 0##. I don't know...

Homework Statement Let ##T:V \rightarrow W## be an ismorphism. Let ##\{v_1, ..., v_k\}## be a subset of V. Prove that ##\{v_1, ..., v_k\}## is a linearly independent set if and only if ##\{T(v_1), ... , T(v_2)\}## is a linearly independent set. Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution...

Hi PF! I'm solving a differential eigen-value problem in weak form, so I have trial functions. If the Wronskian of trial functions is small but not zero, is linear independence an issue? I have analytic trial functions but am numerically integrating.

It is well known that the set of exponential functions ##f:\mathbb{R}\rightarrow \mathbb{R}_+ : f(x)=e^{-kx}##, with ##k\in\mathbb{R}## is linearly independent. So is the set of sine functions ##f:\mathbb{R}\rightarrow [-1,1]: f(x) = \sin kx##, with ##k\in\mathbb{R}_+##. What about...

Problem: Suppose V is a complex vector space of dimension n, and T is a linear map from V to V. Suppose $x \in V$, and p is a positive integer such that $T^p(x)=0$ but $T^{p-1}(x)\ne0$. Show that $x, Tx, T^2x, ... , T^{p-1}x$ are linearly independent.During class my professor said it was "a...

Homework Statement Homework Equations 3. The Attempt at a Solution [/B] ## |3 \rangle = |1 \rangle - 2 ~ |2 \rangle ## So, they are not linearly independent. One way to find the coefficients is : ## |3 \rangle = a~ |1 \rangle +b~ |2 \rangle ## ...(1) And solve (1) to get the values of a...

Homework Statement Let f1,f2, ..., fn : K -> L be field morphisms. We know that fi != fj when i != j, for any i and j = {1,...,n}. Prove that f1,f2, ..., fn are linear independent / K. Homework Equations f1, ..., fn are field morphisms => Ker (fi) = 0 (injective) The Attempt at a Solution I...

This is from Kreyszig's Introductory Functional Analysis Theorem 2.9-1. Let $X$ be an n-dimensional vector space and $E=\{e_1, \cdots, e_n \}$ a basis for $X$. Then $F = \{f_1, \cdots, f_n\}$ given by (6) is a basis for the algebraic dual $X^*$ of $X$, and $\text{dim}X^* = \text{dim}X=n$...

My formal education in Linear Algebra was lacking, so I have been studying that subject lately, especially the subject of Linear Independence. I'm looking for functions that would qualify as measures of linear independence. Specifically, given a real-valued vector space V of finite dimension...

Homework Statement Use definition (1) to determine if the functions ##y_1## and ##y_2## are linearly dependent on the interval (0,1). ##y_1(t)=cos(t)sin(t)## ##y_2(t)=sin(t)## Homework Equations (1) A pair of functions is said to be linearly independent on the interval ##I## if and only if...

I have two questions for you. Typically when trying to find out if a set of vectors is linearly independent i put the vectors into a matrix and do RREF and based on that i can tell if the set of vectors is linearly independent. If there is no zero rows in the RREF i can say that the vectors are...

Homework Statement T/F: Let ##T: V \rightarrow W##. If ##\{v_1,v_2,...,v_k \}## is a linearly independent set, then ##\{T(v_1), T(v_2),..., T(v_k) \}## is linearly independent. Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution This seems to be true, because we know that ##a_1v_1 + a_2v_2 + \cdots +...

Homework Statement Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution if there exists a set with 3 vectors, and all of them are linear independent, then by definition no linear combination of the 3 vectors can equal to 0. I believe that's an accurate definition right? So in this case, the answer...

Homework Statement Let S be a set of nonzero polynomials. Prove that if no two have the same degree, then S is linearly independent. Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution We will proceed by contraposition. Assume that S is a linearly dependent set. Thus there exists a linear dependence...

Homework Statement Prove that a set S of vectors is linearly independent if and only if each finite subset of S is linearly independent. Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution I think that that it would be easier to prove the logically equivalent statement: Prove that a set S of vectors...

Is there a difference between the linear independence of ##\{x,e^x\}## and ##\{ex,e^x\}##? It can be shown that both only have the trivial solution when represented as a linear combination equal to zero. However, the definition of linear independence is: "Two functions are linearly independent...

Homework Statement How can I show that if a vector (in a vector space V) cannot be written as a linear combination of a linearly independent set of vectors (also in space V) then that vector is linearly independent to the set? Homework Equations To really prove this rigorously it would make...

We were going over linear independents in class and my professor said that if y1 and y2 are linearly independent then the ratio of y2/y1 is not a constant, but he never explained why it is not a constant.

In a problem I am working on, it is given that $V_1, V_2, ... , V_n$ are mutually perpendicular vectors in a space defined with a certain scalar product. I need to prove or disprove that $V_i$ are linearly independence regardless of any definition of scalar product. I think the solution should...

Suppose ##x_1(t)## and ##x_2(t)## are two linearly independent solutions of the equations: ##x'_1(t) = 3x_1(t) + 2x_2(t)## and ##x'_2(t) = x_1(t) + 2x_2(t)## where ##x'_1(t)\text{ and }x'_2(t)## denote the first derivative of functions ##x_1(t)## and ##x_2(t)## respectively with respect to...

I'm asked to check whether $\left\{1, e^{ax}, e^{bx}\right\}$ is linearly independent over $\mathbb{R}$ if $a \ne b$, and compute the dimension of the subspace spanned by it. Google said the easiest way to do this is something called the Wronskian. Is this how you do it? The matrix is: $...

Homework Statement Homework Equations[/B] The Attempt at a Solution From that point, I don't know what to do. How do I prove linear independence if I have no numerical values? Thank you.

I'm given bases for a solution space \left \{ x,xe^x,x^2e^x \right \}. Clearly these form a basis (are linearly independent). But, unless I've made a mistake, doing the Wronskian on this yields W(x) = x^3e^x. Isn't this Wronskian equal to zero at x = 0? Isn't that a problem for...

Homework Statement Find the span of U=\{2,\cos x,\sin x:x\in\mathbb{R}\} (U is the subset of a space of real functions) and V=\{(a,b,b,...,b),(b,a,b,...,b),...,(b,b,b,...,a): a,b\in \mathbb{R},V\subset \mathbb{R^n},n\in\mathbb{N}\} Homework Equations -Vector space span -Linear independence...

i am asked to determine whether 3 vectors which have 5 dimensions (x,y,z,w,u) are linearly dependent or independent in R^3. it doesn't make any sense. should i ignore w and u dimensions and take x,y,z only? because if i dont, all answers would be same, doesn't matter in r^3 or R^4 etc. the...

Homework Statement There's no reason to give you the problem from scratch. I just want to show that 5 trigonometric functions are linearly independent to prove what the problem wants. These 5 functions are sin2xcos2x. sin2x, cos2x, sin2x and cos2x. Homework Equations...

This question mostly pertains to how looking at affine independence entirely in terms of linear independence between different families of vectors. I understand there are quite a few questions already online pertaining to the affine/linear independence relationship, but I'm not quite able to...

Homework Statement Prove that if ({A_1, A_2, ..., A_k}) is a linearly independent subset of M_nxn(F), then (A_1^T,A_2^T,...,A_k^T) is also linearly independent. Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution Have: a_1A_1^T+a_2A_2^T+...+a_kA_k^T=0 implies a_1A_1+a_2A_2+...+a_kA_k=0 So...

Homework Statement Prove that a set of linearly independent vectors in Rn can have maximum n elements. So how would you prove that the maximum number of independent vectors in Rn is n?I can understand why in my head but not sure how to give a mathematical proof. I understand it in terms of the...

Homework Statement Assume vectors ##a,b,c\in V_{\mathbb{R}}## to be linearly independent. Determine whether vectors ##a+b , b+c , a+c## are linearly independent. Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution We say the vectors are linearly independent when ##k_1a + k_2b +k_3c = 0## only when...

Homework Statement Given the system of vectors \cos x, \cos (x+2), \sin (x-5). Determine whether the system is linearly independent. Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution If it were linearly dependent, there would exist a non-trivial linear combination, such that: k_1\cos x + k_2\cos...

Hello I'm taking linear algebra and have a couple of questions about linear independence, spanning, and basis Let me start of by sharing what I think I understand. -If I have a matrix with several vectors and I reduce it to row echelon form and I get a pivot in every column then I can assume...

Problem: True or False? If $x$ and $y$ are linearly independent, and if $\{\textbf{x}, \textbf{y}, \textbf{z}\}$ is linearly dependent, then $\textbf{z}$ is in Span $\{\textbf{x},\textbf{y}\}$ Solution: $\textbf{True}$. If $a\textbf{x} + b\textbf{y} = \textbf{0}$ is true and if $a\textbf{x} +...

There's a question in charles curtis linear algebra book which states: Let ##f1, f2, f3## be functions in ##\mathscr{F}(R)##. a. For a set of real numbers ##x_{1},x_{2},x_{3}##, let ##(f_{i}(x_{j}))## be the ##3-by-3## matrix whose (i,j) entry is ##(f_{i}(x_{j}))##, for ##1\leq i,j \leq 3##...

Homework Statement Determine all values of the constant k for which the given set of vectors is linearly independent in \mathbb R^4. {(1, 1, 0, −1), (1, k, 1, 1), (4, 1, k, 1), (−1, 1, 1, k)} Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution So far I set up a coefficient matrix...

It seems to me that if a row is able to be zeroed out through Gaussian reduction that the determinate of that matrix would equal zero. Therefore, we know that at least one of equations/vectors that constructed the matrix was formed from the other two rows. That is -- that equation is dependent...

Homework Statement Given that { u1, u2, u3, u4, u5, u6 } are linearly independent vectors in R16, and that w is a vector in R16 such that w ∉ span{ u1, u2, u3, u4, u5, u6 }. a) Is the set { 0, u1, u5 } is linearly independent? b) the set { u1, u2, u3, u4, u5, u6, w } is linearly...

Homework Statement Let x1 = (1, 2, -1, 1), x2 = (-1, -1, -1, -1), x3 = (1, 1, 1, 0), x4 = (-2, -1 -4 -1) Show that x1, x3 and x4 are linearly independent Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution Now I used the equation: ax1+bx2+cx3+dx4=0 Hence forth the augmented...

Homework Statement Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution For part (a): a*1 + b*√2 + c*√3 = 0 assume a, b, c not all zero a + b√2 = -c√3 a2 + 2b2 + 2ab√2 = 3c2 a2 + 2b2 - 3c2 = -2ab√2 (a2 + 2b2 - 3c2)/(-2ab) = √2 which is not possible since we take a, b, c to...

Hello MHB, I got one question. If we got this vector V=(3,a,1),U=(a,3,2) and W=(4,a,2) why is it linear independence if determinant is not equal to zero? (I am not interested to solve the problem, I just want to know why it is) Regards, |\pi\rangle

Here is the question: Here is a link to the question: Linear algebra help please please? - Yahoo! Answers I have posted a link there to this topic so the OP can find my response.

Here is the question: Here is a link to the question: Differential Equations...Linear independence question? - Yahoo! Answers I have posted a link there to this topic so the OP can find my response.

Homework Statement Is the set $$ \{cos(x), cos(2x)\} $$ linearly independent?Homework Equations Definition: Linear Independence A set of functions is linearly dependent on a ≤ x ≤ b if there exists constants not all zero such that a linear combination of the functions in the set are equal to...