Neurons Definition and 63 Threads

I don't post alot in this subforums and don't know what neuroscientists lurk here, but as someone that is trying to understand foundations of law and interactions, and how that is "encoded" in the makeup of matter - trying to understand what happens during the first fractions of a second in the...

I'm posting this topic after an invitation to do so. So considering that transcranial magnetic stimulation which operates in frequencies and therefore through EM induction can excite neurons, then can an EM wave also excite neurons?

I’ve read that the Ca2+ channels in neurons can be manipulated through the use of certain radio wave frequencies. And the resulting internal/external charge differential will cause the neurons to fire. Does anyone have any more insight into that?

I am looking for a study/ressearch that my have been done concerning patterns found in the dendritic tree branching of Neurons.

Many crimes and murder were committed because of uncontrollable anger. For example, I heard the news the other day about an ex-cop who shot a mother and his son because of argument. He will spend time in jail, but just before committing the crime couldn't he have thought he would live the rest...

Hi all, In light of recent findings about Topoisomerase-mediated DNA double strand breaks, I have been looking for a study out there that compares cummulative DNA damage in active neurons vs. less active counterparts. So far I have not been able to find anything - this would hopefully be over a...

I have been studying about the physiology of hunger. I have studied about the hormones that are involved in the process of hunger, like ghrelin, leptin, pancreatic polypeptide, cholecystokinin, cholecystokinin (CCK) and the neurons like AgRP, POMC and neuropeptide Y (NPY) etc. I understand...

People in this Science magazine news article argue yes. The idea that the neuron cell type was in some way derived from secretory cells has been around for a while (1970's at least). The new findings involve finding similarities in how nerve cells and particular secretory cells shared an...

A very cool new molecular neuro trick Here's some background and a loose summary. Here is the main reference (surprisingly openly available!). In recent years, neurobiologists have been able to get neurons to make particular proteins by various means (such as filling the cells or in someway...

Once cells in the body "find their place" between other neighboring cells, do they stay there touching each other in the same way or do they move around, migrating, sliding around with their membranes? Can a cell just "take off"? I wonder the same about neuron cells and their axons and...

I'm not sure if this specific question has been already covered. If a person in his 60s who had been say, a painter all his life, decides to instead learn to play an instrument, what happens to the neural processes in his brain? Will the brain use brand-new neurons to create a brand new...

Dear all, I have lately been interested in AI. One of my thoughts has been as follows: What if we have two 'neurons' and the world consists of vertical, horizontal and diagonal lines. How would we go about making sure only one neuron is assigned to either vertical or horizontal lines and...

I am wondering how many neurons would need to fire approximately in a human brain in order for the eye to blink, or for example, for a head to nod? And I am referring directly to just the motor act, not all the internal brain processes that might lead to an eye blink. And I am not necessarily...

Here’s an interesting bit of research regarding how bacteria communicate through ion channels. It talks about biofilms which I understand as being thin films of bacteria that colonize the surface of teeth for example: The bacteria then communicate using what sounds like a 2 dimensional EM wave...

I've been reading up on neurology lately and I'm mystified by pyramidal neurons. The pyramidal neurons in the prefrontal cortex, for example, have maybe 20,000 inputs through their dendritic trees and 1 output through the axon. The output is an action potential that always has the same...

Good day guys! I am looking for the handbook describing the various types of neurons in rat’s brain. Have you got something like this? I tried to find in google this information with these key words: nissl stain rat brain Accumbens neurons types and number of neurons in rat brain and...

Hello; First of all I apologize in advance if I make any wrong quotes as I am a Mech engineering and has nothing to do with biology and DNA. I wish to know the entire code or the program of the DNA structure in human brain. As I understood DNA is made up of Adenine, thymine, cytosine and...

Hello, I am trying to understand an equation from the textbook "Theory of neural information processing systems" by Coolen, Sullich and Kuhn. The book states that "the evolution in time of the postsynpatic potential V(t) can be written as a linear differential equation of the form: \frac...

I recently started using Encog and used BasicNetwork network = new BasicNetwork(); network.AddLayer(new BasicLayer(new ActivationSigmoid(), true, 1)); network.AddLayer(new BasicLayer(new ActivationSigmoid(), true, 2)); network.AddLayer(new BasicLayer(new ActivationSigmoid(), true, r.Length))...

Hello I am not an expert in this field but I am really hoping to understand as much as I can about the concepts described in my questions below. I might be using some improper jargon and expressions, so I apologize if some things are incorrect or confusing. #1 Do all the neurons have the same...

During a synapse, a synaptic vesicle fuses with the presynaptic membrane releasing whatever neurotransmitters it contains. Neurotransmitters are then taken in through transport proteins during re-uptake. Stimulation occurs on a regular basis for some neurons and since the neurotransmitters are...

What are the functions of sensory,motor and relay neurons?

Hello everybody, So I've been studying how the brain represents and encodes information. There is ample evidence/info showing that neurons adjust their firing rates and strengths of their synapses in order to encode information and form accessible neural pathways. However I am having trouble...

I have a question for those who are in the know: Do neurons fire at the same rate throughout a person's life or does the average rate change over time? I ask this because - and this, of course, is speculative - it could figure into why time seems to speed up as one ages, i.e. by anecdote I know...

I was wondering what carries the current between two nodes of ranvier (under the myelin sheath) in a neuron. Books and sources say that the impulse jumps between nodes, but I have not found one that tells me how! Is it through the membrane, across microtubules, through the cytoplasm, or...

Why is that large neurons have smaller threshold potentials than small neurons during external stimulation? My confusion is because the time constant should be larger, right? tau = (r_m) * (c_m). where r_m is membrane resistance and c_m is membrane capacitance Capacitance increases...

I am trying to learn about neuroscience on my own but every book I have picked up goes so much into details for every single thing that I tend to miss the bigger picture. I have some questions that I can't seem to find answers on, mainly about how neurons work. Keep in mind that I have a...

I am a bit confused between single neuron models and population of neuron models. If we have single neuron models (Integrate and fire model etc) then why we want to develop models for population of neurons? Although single neuron models are ordinary differential equations (easy to analyze) and...

I think this is more of a Neurophysics question and I am just asking a question with no experience in this field. I know the consciousness works because the neurons can send electrical signals within the brain. If I assume the right and left brain is apart from each other and the right brain is...

Anoxia is a condition in which there is no delivery of oxygen to tissues of the body. Generally it occurs in cardiac arrest or upon termination of access of air into the lungs. Different tissues have different degrees of resistance to anoxia. It is thought that the least stable are neurons, the...

Magnetic effects on the brain are well known, as are magnetic brain scans, but I'm having difficulty finding anything to say magnetism has a function within the brain. I can find electrical communication, but not magnetic. Am I missing something ? Folk, do say if so.

Are neurons in humans different of the ones of other animals like spiders for example? In other words if one shows you a neuron under the microscope, can you identify from which animal it comes from?

A brief internet search revealed that the number of neurons in a human brain is in the 85 - 100 billion ballpark. (reference) What I could not find was any clear indication of how complex a single neuron is. Is the brain like a network of 85 - 100 billion transistors or 85 - 100 billion...

In terms of neurons, the outside is more positive than the inside. Thus, a potassium ion trying to make an escape (due to it's concentration gradient) should be deflected/repelled back into the neuron. Those ions should be bounced back in when they reach close to the surface. But since not, this...

If resting potential is negative, then K+ ions shouldn't be passively exiting the cell. It doesn't make sense for a male that is attracted to females to leave a club full of females and go outside where there are lots of males. There are females to be had!

Hello, i want to know if there is any way we can describe the way our brain transfers information using Quantum Information theory. I have been looking at Quantum Information theory for some time now and would want to know if it will ever be possible to transfer information directly from the...

Hello! First time poster. I hope this is not a wrong sub-forum for this kind of question. Can anyone tell me where can I find values for dielectric constants of neurons and nerve fibers for frequencies in the range of 1e12 - 1e14 Hz (optical and RF part of the spectrum)? I have found data...

1) Original Article: http://www.sciencemag.org/content/298/5594/824.short 2) Comment on Article: http://www.sciencemag.org/content/305/5687/1107.3.full 3) Rebuttal: http://www.sciencemag.org/content/305/5687/1107.4.full Summary of above: 1) Original authors (Milo, et al) create a random...

Hello all! During mitosis the telomeres reduced. But neurons do not divide during postnatal period (neural stem cells are exclusion). So - does Hayflick limit exist for neurons? Thanks

Interesting http://www.ted.com/talks/ed_boyden.html?utm_source=newsletter_weekly_2011-05-17&utm_campaign=newsletter_weekly&utm_medium=email", I thought I would pass it on. Ed Boyden shows how, by inserting genes for light-sensitive proteins into brain cells, he can selectively activate or...

Of late, I have been self-learning about the underlying biology behind neurons; saltatory conduction; electrotonic and action potentials. I have (at least for the most part) surmised a basic understanding of how most of this works. What I don't understand, is how do the neurons differentiate...

Wasn't sure where to post it as there is no medical engineering forum but... Is it possible to attach a sensor to a neuron in a human body and get the human's neuron to react to the sensor being stimulated?

Hi A human body is a chemical machine. Every process, such as walking, sleeping, thinking, etc., consumes energy but rate of energy consumption varies from one activity to another. I have been told that when some body part such as forehead, hand, is experiencing, a lot of energy is consumed...

I am assuming this would have the effect of causing things to appear to move faster, thus remaining in view for shorter subjective periods of time (if crossing your field of view perpendicularly). I think the more you slowed thought, the more the objects would "stutter" as they moved, skipping...

neat trick: http://www.hhmi.org/bulletin/may2010/features/moves3.html

Optogenetics is the combination of deep brain stimulation with fiber optics and gene therapy. I have read that there can be two way traffic (http://www.wired.com/magazine/2009/10/mf_optigenetics/all/1") I know that there are no big or small firing of neurons - all firings are the same size...

Homework Statement Consider a neuron with resting potential of -65 mV and threshold of -55 mV. It receives two synaptic inputs with similar synaptic conductances, one with reversal potential of -10 mV and the other with reversal potential of -58 mV. Draw the predicted postsynaptic...

Is there a name for this or any research in it? I remember this: http://www.wired.com/wiredscience/2008/08/how-to-train-yo/ but I can't find anything else like it.

Just wondering: I know that your mirror-neurons strengthen connections simply by watching someone perform an action. My question is, is muscle memory tied to mirror neurons? Or is this not yet known? Can you gain muscle memory simply by thinking about a certain motion, rather than...

Not sure if this is the best spot for this, but thought it might be of interest to some folks here. Free seminar open to the public. Where: Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA Date: Thursday, September 24, 2009 Time: 4:10 PM Loc: Iacocca Hall, B-023; Mountaintop Campus Host...