Prime numbers Definition and 156 Threads

Hi, after stumbling about We show that there are infinitely many primes of the form p² + nq² with both p and q prime ... I found that using n=4 the formula gives 205 and 221 with p=3, q=7 and p=5, q=7 respectively. So, how to understand that?

The Reimann hypothesis, from what I gather, would answer questions to the distribution of prime numbers. So then, would a thorough breakdown of the distribution of prime numbers and how predictable they are distributed, solve the problem? This predictability makes it possible to determined...

Subject: Discussion on Astronomical Prime Numbers and Re-evaluating the Primality of the Number 1 Dear Members of the Physics Forum, I hope this message finds you well. I've been avidly exploring various discussions on prime numbers and came across an intriguing thread on your forum titled "Is...

I announce a playful competition :smile: Who can find the largest prime number with the programmed code? I found the number 2249999999999999981 with the Python code. I first tabulated the truth value of the prime numerosity of numbers smaller than 1.5 billion using Erasthonene's sieve, and then...

How should I write an account of prime numbers in arithmetic progressions? Assuming this account should be in the form of an essay of at least ## 500 ## words. Should I apply the formula ## a_{n}=3+4n ## for ## 0\leq n\leq 2 ##? Can anyone please provide any idea(s)?

Is there a name for the union of {prime numbers} and {integers that are not powers of integers}? For example, we would include 2, 3, 5, 7, 11... And also 6, 10, 12... But we exclude 2^n, 3^n, ... and 6^n , 10^n , etc. What are some interesting contexts where this set crops up?

Proof: Let ## p ## be the prime divisor of two successive integers ## n^{2}+3 ## and ## (n+1)^{2}+3 ##. Then ## p\mid [(n+1)^{2}+3-(n^{2}+3)]\implies p\mid (2n+1) ##. Observe that ## p\mid (n^{2}+3) ## and ## p\mid (2n+1) ##. Now we see that ## p\mid [(n^{2}+3)-3(2n+1)]\implies p\mid...

I wrote a program that implements the pattern and finds the primes automatically. It worked up to 70 million then it crashed because program holds data in RAM so it can be fixed. It found all the primes up to 70 million and found no exception. I won't explain the pattern because its so...

Proof: Suppose ## p ## and ## p^{2}+8 ## are both prime numbers. Since ## p^{2}+8 ## is prime, it follows that ## p ## is odd, so ## p\neq 2 ##. Let ## p>3 ##. Then ## p^{2}\equiv 1 \mod 3 ##, so ## p^{2}+8\equiv 0 \mod 3 ##. Note that ## p^{2}+8 ## can only be prime for ## p=3 ##. Thus ##...

I just saw that one of the ways of calculating Pi uses the set of prime numbers. This must sound crazy even to people who understand it, is it possible that this can be explained in terms that I, a mere mortal can understand or it is out of reach for non mathematicians?

Proof: Note that all primes less than 50 will divide 50!, because each prime is a term of 50!. Applying the Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic produces: Each term k of 50! that is non-prime has a unique prime factorization. Since 48, 49 and 50 are not primes, it follows that all primes...

Dear PF Forum, Can someone help me with the algorithm for finding a very large prime number? In RSA Encryption (1024 bit? 2048?, I forget, should look it up at wiki for that), Private Keys is a - two prime number packet. Now, what I wonder is, what algorithm that the computer use to find those...

Here is my attempt When we raise both sides to the power (p-1)/2, we get x^(p-1)= -1^[(p-1)/2](modp) Looking at p=3(mod4), the possible values of p are {3, 7, 11, 19, 23, 31...}. Putting these values of p into (p-1)/2 we get odd integers. {1, 3, 5, 9, 11, 15...}. So we have x^(p-1) =...

Summary:: Interested in the history of the proof. Consecutive integer numbers are always relatively prime to each other. Does anyone know when this was proved? Was this known since Euclid's time or was this proved in modern times?

Hello all, We know that following formulas failed to produced all prime numbers for any given whole number ##n##: ##f(n) = n^2 - n - 41##, failed for ##n = 41~(f = 1681)## ##g(n) = 2^(2^n) + 1##, failed for ##n = 5~(g = 4,294,967,297)## ##m(n) = 2^n - 1##, failed for ##n = 67~(m =...

Hello everyone! I was going through a simple high school level mathematics book and got to the following question: n2 - n + 41 is a prime for all positive integers n. You're supposed to find a counter-example and prove the statement false. You could of course sit and enter different...

Homework Statement Prove that if ##p## is a prime number and if ##p>5## then ##p^2-37## is divisible by ##12## Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution So I think that the number ##p^2-37## should be expressed in a way that we can clearly see that it is divisible by 3 and by 2 twice...

Extremely quick question: According to http://mathworld.wolfram.com/PrimeNumberTheorem.html, the Riemann Hypothesis is equivalent to |Li(x)-π(x)|≤ c(√x)*ln(x) for some constant c. Am I correct that then c goes to 0 as x goes to infinity? Does any expression exist (yet) for c? Thanks.

I was reading an old thread about multiplying successive prime numbers adding 1 to obtain another prime number. I have worked with prime numbers for several years now and have developed what I best call a bi-linear advancement. It is an open-ended sieve of Eratosthenes. After many, many hours...

Since Fermat, the French magistrate & noted mathematician, expounded : all odd integers ,(2n+1) where n≥0, are representable by the difference of TWO squares...

Homework Statement I don't understand the lemma. Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution Isn't all prime number not a product of primes? The lemma doesn't make sense to me... Moreover, if m=2, m-1 is smaller than 2, the inequality also doesn't make sense. Please help me

Determine all prime numbers $p$ such that the total number of positive divisors of $A = p^2 + 1007$ (including $1$ and $A$) is less than $7$.

Is there a set of $2015$ consecutive positive integers containing exactly $15$ prime numbers?

Homework Statement as listed above the question is how many and which three digit NIP can be formed whit the use of prime numbers[/B]Homework Equations nothing currently trying to understand[/B]The Attempt at a Solution well i have found at least 168 primer numbers below 1000 i mean in the...

A number can be factored into a product of its component factors A number can be factored into a product of its prime . But, What exactly is a prime number ? Prime numbers are numbers greater than 1 that are evenly divisible only by themselves and 1 Is it a number that can only be evenly...

45x2+15x +/-1. ... 59;61 ,209;211 ,449;451 ,779;781 ... 45x2- 15x +/-1 ... 29;31 ,149;151 ,359;361 ,659;661 ... Derived from 20x2-1 can only have factors ending in the digit _1, or _9 .

Mod note: added code tags using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; namespace ConsoleApplication1 { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { List<int> number = new List<int>(1000); // int list for 1000 numbers...

Homework Statement Prove: If p is prime and m, n are positive integers such that p divides mn, then either p divides n or p divides m. Is anyone willing to look through this proof and give me comments on the following: a) my reasoning within the strategy I chose (validity, any constraints or...

Hello I'm hard at work trying to find a pattern for the prime numbers and this keeps cropping up. To be honest though, to me it comes across like pseudo science. I mean I never really hear people talk about it. This seems an obvious thing to look into but I don't know anyone who does. Prime...

Mod note: moved from a homework section What properties do prime numbers exhibit which can be used in proofs to define them? Like rational numbers have a unique property that they can be expressed as a quotient of a/b. Even numbers have a unique property of divisibility by 2 and thus they can be...

Is there any prime number pn, such that it has a relationship with the next prime number pn+1 p_{n+1} > p_{n}^2 If not, is there any proof saying a prime like this does not exist? I have the exact same question about this relation: p_{n+1} > 2p_{n}

Solve the equation np_n+(n+1)p_{n+1}+(n+2)p_{n+2}=p^2_{n+2} where n\in \mathbb N^* and p_n , p_{n+1} , p_{n+2} are three consecutive prime numbers. ------------------------------------- A solution is n=2,p_2=3,p_3=5,p_4=7. May be other solutions?

I've been working on a problem for a couple of days now and I wanted to see if anyone here had an idea whether this was already proven or where I could find some guidance. I feel this problem is connected to the multinomial theorem but the multinomial theorem is not really what I need . Perhaps...

I found this article fascinating. Imagine overlooking something so simple for so long!

Homework Statement Write a program that will print all highly prime numbers from the input interval <a,b>. Prime number is highly prime if deletion of every digit from right is a prime. Example: 239 is highly prime because 239,23,2 are primes. 2. The attempt at a solution Could someone point...

Does anyone know a good resource for exercises on these topics?

For prime numbers, $a$, $b$, $c$, $a^2 + b^2 \ne c^2$. Prove this by contradiction. So, I get that $a^2 = c^2 - b^2 = (c - b)(c +b)$ And I get that prime numbers are the product of 2 numbers that are either greater than one, or less than the prime numbers. But I'm unsure how to go from here.

Homework Statement My Program is not showing the sum value or not returning it. A blank space is coming.Why that is so? Homework Equations Showing the attempt below in form of code. The Attempt at a Solution #include<iostream.h> #include<conio.h> Prime_Sum(int arr[30][30],int m, int n); void...

I have a simple algorithm that appears to generate many primes (or semi-primes with relatively large factors). By 'relatively large', I mean large in relation to inputs. I have tested this algorithm for small values, and of the forty (six-digit) numbers produced, 22 are prime, 16 are...

Would it be a useful result to know there is at least one prime between 16x^2+4x-1 and 16x^2+8x-5 for any odd natural number x?

I have figured out a formula that generates prime numbers along with the proof that all such generated numbers are primes. The way it works is that you have to input consecutive prime numbers staring from 2 and ending at some Pn. And no it's not primorial minus or plus 1. Is this of any value...

I am trying to understand a condition for a nonincreasing sequence to converge when summed over its prime indices. The claim is that, given a_n a nonincreasing sequence of positive numbers, then \sum_{p}a_p converges if and only if \sum_{n=2}^{\infty}\frac{a_n}{\log(n)} converges. I have tried...

We have the set:S={1<a<n:gcd(a,n)=1,a^(n-1)=/1(modn)} Are there prime numbers n for which S=/0?After this, are there any composite numbers n for which S=0? (with =/ i mean the 'not equal' and '0' is the empty set) for the first one i know that there are no n prime numbers suh that S to be not...

Hi, I need your help with the next two problems: 1) If p is a prime number such that p\equiv{3}\;mod\;4, prove that \sqrt{-p} is prime in \mathbb{Z}[\sqrt[ ]{-p}] and in \mathbb{Z}[\displaystyle\frac{1+\sqrt[ ]{-p}}{2}] too. 2) 2) We have d > 1 a square-free integer. Consider the quadratic...

Homework Statement Prove that there are infinitely many prime numbers written ##ak+b##, with ##a,b,k## integers greater than 1 Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution Please could you tell me if you agree with that proof ? By contradiction: Assume that there is an integer ##k## such that...

Hi, Can we treat prime numbers as an Ortho-normal basis of "Infinite" dimensions to represent every possible number. Treating numbers as vectors. Thanks.

So if you do a search for R-Simplexs you should find that. RSimplex(n,d)=Pochhammer(n,d)/d! Well so to does RSimplex(n,d)=If(n<d, Pochhammer(d+1,n-1)/n!, Pochhammer(n,d)/d!) Or something like that my maths package is down so I'm not sure quite how it works. Anyway the relationship between...

Homework Statement Is it true that for each ##n\geq 2## there are two primes ##p, q \neq 1## that divide every ##\binom{n}{k}## for ##1\leq k\leq n-1##?Examples: For ##n=6: \binom{6}{1}=6; \binom{6}{2}=15; \binom{6}{3}=20; \binom{6}{4}=15; \binom{6}{5}=6.## So we can have ##p=2## and...

Just want to know if there are applications in the derivation of prime numbers. My instructor and the textbook that we are using seems to be obsessed with it, there is at least one problem about deriving prime numbers in each chapter. And also different versions like palindromic prime, emirp...

Homework Statement My textbook says any integer greater than 1 is a product of primes. Wouldn't that mean that there are no prime numbers? What is the product of primes that create the integer 23? Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution