Random walk Definition and 97 Threads

I am currently going through the first chapter of Fundamentals of Statistical and Thermal Physics by F. Reif which is on random walks, various mean values, etc. and specifically unit 1.4 mentions "The quantity ##\overline{(\Delta n_1)^2}## is quadratic in the displacement." This is with...

Experiment I have encountered this experiment that generates quantum entanglement but I cannot understand its mechanism. Is the conservation of energy and momentum involved? Is interference part of this experiment? What are the phenomena that contribute together to generate entanglement in this...

Reif,pg 14. ##n_1## is the number of steps to the right in a 1D random walk. ##N## are the total number of steps "When ##N## is large, the binomial probability distribution ##W\left(n_{1}\right)## ##W\left(n_{1}\right)=\frac{N !}{n_{1} !\left(N-n_{1}\right) !} p^{n_{1}} q^{N-n_{1}}## tends to...

Hi everyone, I am working on the Fortran code to solve a magnetic field by using "Floating Random Walk" method. I use a square domain for this case and show in the attachment. The external magnetic strength comes from left to right boundary. Both top and bottom are assuming as insulation...

To choose random walk on a graph, it seems natural to to assume that the walker jumps using each possible edge with the same probability (1/degree) - such GRW (generic random walk) maximizes entropy locally (for each step). Discretizing continuous space and taking infinitesimal limit we get...

I set up the problem in the following way: considering the relative motion, at each step there is a probability that - they take a step in the opposite direction going away from each other, so the distance increases and the associated probability is 1/4 - they take a step in the opposite...

Hi, I am working on a kalman filter where my measurement equation involves "-g + v" , where g is in m/s^2 and v is velocity random walk given in m/s/sqrt(hr). Feels like a stupid question, but how can I transform the unit of velocity random walk so I can do the calculation correctly?

I am an incoming graduate student in Theoretical Physics at Universiteit Utrecht, and I struggle to make a choice for one of my mathematical electives. I hope someone can help me out. My main interests lie in the fields of Statistical Physics, phase transitions and collective and critical...

I don't have any idea to prove this 😢 ##n_i##is number of trial, right?

I think I can prove equal length version problem, But I am confusing in this case,,, Please help me!

Hi, I am trying to solve this math equation on finding the variance of a noise after passing through a system whose impulse response is h(t) X is the input noise of the system and Y is the output noise after system h(t) if let's say variance of noise Y is σy2=∫∫Rxx(u,v)h(u)h(v)dudv where...

1. The question asks us to map a one dimensional random walk to a two state paramagnet and then write an expression for the number of journeys of N steps which end up at r=Rdelta. Then we are asked to find an expression for the probability that N steps will end up at r. 2...

Not sure this is the right area to post this. Let's say I have particles on a lattice, and they all have some property (ie, color) that is correlated at some known correlation length. I want to simulate this! In 1D I could do something like have color be a random walk in the given dimension...

typical random walk : one step forward or backward with equal probability and independence of each step , what is the expectation and Variance . so i define indicator variable xi ={1 or -1 with equal probabilty . E(xi) = 0 Var(xi) = 1 now define Sn as the sum of i=1,...,n each step is...

https://ibb.co/guBuPd As the title indicates, I want to calculate the Probability of a stock price reaching a determined point, by considering the system as a random walk model, and after that, to compute the so called "maximal curves". I found the whole explanation in this article...

I had a question regarding the random walk problem in statistical mechanics. If I drop, say, one molecule of KMnO4 in a beaker of water, what we generally observe (spread of KMnO4 to the ends of the beaker) is different from what we should get from probabilistic assumptions. I must be going...

Homework Statement Suppose a particle moves along the x-axis beginning at 0. It moves one integer step to the left or right with equal probability. What is the pdf of its position after four steps? 2. Homework Equations Binomial distribution ##P(k) = {{n}\choose{k}} p^k (1-p)^{n-k}## The...

Hello everybody. I have a Markowian homogeneous random walk. Given the transition matrix of the chain, I know that ##P[ X(t) = i | X(t-1) = j ] ≡ P_{j→i}=T_{ij}## where ##T## is the transition matrix and ##X(t)## is the position of the walker...

Hi, I have the following homework question: Let Xt be the continuous-time simple random walk on a circle as in Example 2, Section 7.2. Show that there exists a c,β > 0, independent of N such that for all initial probability distributions ν and all t > 0 ∥νe^tA−π∥_TV ≤ ce^(−βt/N2) Here's what...

Homework Statement Let w(1) = event of a random walk with right drift (p > q, p+q = 1) starting at 1 returns to 0 Let p(w(1)) = probability of w(1) Let S=min{t>=0:wt(1)=0} be the minimum number of steps t a walk starting from 1 hits 0. What is E[S|w(1)]? Homework Equations I know E[S|w(0)] = 0...

Hi, I'm trying to work out how many time a particle going on a random walk starting at the origin would pass a particular point or points for a given total number of steps. I've simulated the problem and get approximately the same answer every time, however I'm struggling to know where to even...

Hi I created a program to run a random walk in 1d with only input the number of steps and the number of walks. I used a random number generator to produce only two outcomes (step forward and step back) and in the main function I want to calculate the average of x (over a number of walks) and...

Okay, it's not easy for me but probably for you ;) Hello first of all! I have two questions: 1. Why is there a minus before the expression in the red circle? 2. How did the x((n-1)-1) in the last line come to be?More precise: I understand the first parts. It's the random walk and x signifies...

Hello! I'm struggling with a probably easy physics question concerning random walks. Here I have the slide regarding this: Delta is the distance that a particle moves. Can someone explain where the n-1 initially comes from? Does it have to do wtih the concept of the degrees of freedom? Than...

I have been puzzled about the possible interaction mechanisms among the various particles during inflation that would have performed the mixing of mass-energy (ME) required for the uniformity of the CBR. Here is my understanding about what must happen to acheve the necessary mixing of ME during...

We studied random walk starting from a probability conservation : p(x,t)=p(x+dx,t+dt)+p(x-dx,t+dt) Which means the particle can go left or right by dx in time dt. The solution of the differential equation starting from a delta is a gaussian, which means the particle could go apparently at...

Well, not quite a random walk. The steps aren't necessarily ±1, but they have mean 0 and will take values >ε with positive probability. It seems intuitive that such a process will be unbounded and will cross this bound infinitely many times (in 1D). Does anyone know of a result that says this?

Homework Statement Find the probability distribution for a random walk on a d-dimensional lattice.[/B]Homework Equations [/B]The Attempt at a Solution I'm trying to find the probability distribution for a random walk on a lattice with lattice constant a in arbitrary dimension d. The rules...

Homework Statement The problem is relatively simple. I am modelling mass diffusion, and that's going well, but she has offered extra credit if we can write the problem without using any if-statements. In a clutch my plan is fall back on a Case Statement and pull barracks-lawyer and insist...

hi I read an article about stochastic error modeling, and I didn't understand this extract about error sources : how can the "rate random walk" be present, while the gyroscope directly angular rate ? the article's title is : "Stochastic Modeling of MEMS Inertial Sensors " by Petko Petkov and...

Homework Statement A drunk lurches from one lamp post to the next on his way home. At each lamp post he pauses and is equally likely move towards or away from home. Suppose the posts are separated by a distance ##a## and find the mean and standard deviation of his displacement ##d## from the...

This is part b) of an assignment question. In part a) we were asked to derive the Fokker Planck relation for the biased random walk. The answer is: dP/dt = -vdP/dx + D d2P/dx2 Where the first term is the drift term due to the biased motion and the second term is the diffusion term. Then...

Suppose I take a random walk on a 2 dimensional square lattice, but this lattice plane has a finite size, e.g. Dx*Dy. I can not cross the boundary, my step length is the lattice cell size, I either go straight or make turns with right angle. Is there any work on this type of random walk? If...

Imagine there is a complex system and we are interested in its basic statistical properties, like the stationary probability distribution. For example for a single electron wandering in defected lattice of semiconductor. Physics offers two basic ways of answering such question: - from one side...

There is a chapter in Feynman Lectures on Physics called The Random Walk(41-4). I understand everything till the paragraph right after equation 41.18. I have no idea what he is trying to say. There is an equation 41.19, which is diff. eq. for object that is forced and is in a environment that...

Random walk or binomial?? Statement: A drunk person wonders aimlessly along a path by going forward 1 step and backward 1 step with equal probabilities of ½. After 10 steps, a) what is the probability that he has moved 2 steps forward? b) What is the probability that he will make it to his...

Statement: A drunk person wonders aimlessly along a path by going forward 1 step and backward 1 step with equal probabilities of ½. After 10 steps, a) what is the probability that he has moved 2 steps forward? b) What is the probability that he will make it to his front door within 20 steps...

Homework Statement Consider a random walk on a circle of N points, labeled {0,1,...,N-1}. Let the initial state be X = 0 and define T to be the first time all points have been visited at least once. Show that the distribution of X[T] (i.e. last unique position visited) is uniform over...

Hi there! I'm working on a random walk-problem my professor gave me. Given a MC with the following properties: P0,0 = 1 - p P0,1 = p Pi,i-1 = 1 - pi Pi,i+1 = pi i \in[1,∞) Xn: state at step number n The chain is irreducible and ergodic and 0 < p ≤ 1 introducing N: N = {min n...

Consider a random walk (in any dimension) with N steps and a step size of 1. Take a real number \alpha > 0 and consider another random walk which takes \alpha^2 N steps but wil step size \frac{1}{\alpha}. I immediately noticed that the mean deviation after the full walk in both cases is the...

Hi all, in text the formula for scaled random walk is: W^(n) (t) = (1/√n) M_nt in the example it says that: set t=0.25, n=100 and consider the set of possible values of W^(100) (0.25) = 1/10 M_25. This random variable is generated by 25 coin tosses, and since the unscaled random walk...

Homework Statement Give the value of u_0.Homework Equations Let p>q>0 with p+q = 1 and a = q/p < 1. Let X_n denote the random walk with transitions X_{n+1} = CASE 1: X_n + 1 with probability p and CASE 2: X_n - 1 with probability q. For i ≥ 0, we set u_i = P(X_n = 0 for some n ≥ 0|X_0 = i)...

I read about the random walk the other day. The simplest 2D form, where you start at zero and move up or down one unit at random, both are as likely. To get an the average distance from zero after N steps, the following argument was used: The distance after one step is 1. If after some steps...

I'm reading through Reif's "Statistical Mechanics" to prepare for the upcoming semester. Basically, a drunk guy takes N total steps, n1 to the right and n2 to the left. The probability that the current step will be to the right is "p," while the probability that the current step will be to the...

Hi, can someone who is familiar with the analysis of random walks (statistical mechanics, condensed matter physics etc.) help me on solving a particular problem? We define the following random walk, the random variable w(t) is evolved as w(t+1)=w(t), with probability of...

I am developing a simple probabilistic model of my own mistakes in (1) solving math problems and (2) implementing algorithms on a computer. I have reduced the problem to one which seems simple enough, but which I have been unable to solve, due to my mathematical inexperience. I figured I would...

(1)Consider the expected duration of the modified random walk. Show that conditioning on the first step produces a recurrence equation of the following form. Ea = ˜pEa+1 + ˜qEa−1 + ˜c. (2)Clearly identify the values of ˜p, ˜q and ˜c in terms of p, q and r...

Hello there, I am wondering if somebody could help in an issue far from my expertise. I have some data which is reasonable to conjecture could be modeled with a random walk with drift. I am struggling though to understand how to estimate from the empriic data the most likely drift and...

Dear All, I am simulating a random walk on a sphere with unit radius. I want to move from current location p_t to the new location p_{t+1} along the big circle, whose arc has an angle omega relative to p_t's latitude. I tried using the law of cosine. But at the poles, the law of cosine...

Why are there 8 possible moves in 3D random walk? With R being the distance from the origin, how is its relationship with the number of steps and dimensionality? Thx!