206.5.64 integral by partial fractions

In summary, we can solve the integral $\displaystyle I_{64}=\int\frac{9x^3-6x+4}{x^3-x^2} \, dx$ by using partial fractions. We first expand the fraction and then use sidework to solve for the coefficients. After solving, we can integrate the individual fractions and combine them to get the final solution $I_{64}=2\ln\left(\left|x\right|\right)+9x+\dfrac{4}{x}+7\ln\left(\left|x-1\right|\right)$.
  • #1
karush
Gold Member
MHB
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$\textbf{206.5.64 integral by partial fractions} \\
\displaystyle
I_{64}=
\int\frac{9x^3-6x+4}{x^3-x^2} \, dx \\
\text{expand} \\
\displaystyle
\frac{9x^3-6x+4}{x^3-x^2}
= \frac{9(x^3-x^2)+9x^2+6x+4}{x^3-x^2}
= 9 + \frac{9x^2+6x+4}{x^2(x-1)} \\
\textbf{stuck!}$
 
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  • #2
The next step would be:

\(\displaystyle \frac{9x^2+6x+4}{x^2(x-1)}=\frac{A}{x}+\frac{B}{x^2}+\frac{C}{x-1}\)
 
  • #3
$\textbf{206.5.64 integral by partial fractions} \\
\displaystyle
I_{64}=
\int\frac{9x^3-6x+4}{x^3-x^2} \, dx =
2\ln\left(\left|x\right|\right)+9x+\dfrac{4}{x}+7\ln\left(\left|x-1\right|\right)\\
\textbf{expand} \\
\displaystyle
\frac{9x^3-6x+4}{x^3-x^2}
= \frac{9(x^3-x^2)+9x^2+6x+4}{x^3-x^2}
= 9 + \frac{9x^2+6x+4}{x^2(x-1)} \\
\textbf{sidework}\\
\displaystyle
\frac{9x^2+6x+4}{x^2(x-1)}
\displaystyle
=\frac{A}{x}+\frac{B}{x^2}+\frac{C}{x-1}\\
\displaystyle 9x^2+6x+4=Ax(x-1)+B(x-1)+Cx^2=(A+C)x^2+(B-A)x+(-B) \\
4=(A+C-9)x^2+(B-A-6)x-B
$
 
Last edited:
  • #4
We have;

\(\displaystyle \frac{9x^2+6x+4}{x^2(x-1)}=\frac{A}{x}+\frac{B}{x^2}+\frac{C}{x-1}\)

The next step is to multiply through by $x^2(x-1)$ to get:

\(\displaystyle 9x^2+6x+4=Ax(x-1)+B(x-1)+Cx^2=(A+C)x^2+(B-A)x+(-B)\)

Now, equate coefficients and solve the resulting system. :D
 

FAQ: 206.5.64 integral by partial fractions

What is an integral by partial fractions?

An integral by partial fractions is a mathematical technique used to simplify and solve integrals of rational functions. It involves breaking down a complex fraction into simpler fractions that can be integrated more easily.

When is an integral by partial fractions used?

An integral by partial fractions is used when the integrand (the function being integrated) is a rational function, meaning it can be expressed as a ratio of two polynomials.

How do you solve an integral by partial fractions?

To solve an integral by partial fractions, you first need to factor the denominator of the rational function into linear or quadratic factors. Then, you set up a system of equations using the partial fraction decomposition formula and solve for the unknown coefficients. Finally, you integrate each individual fraction and combine the results to get the final solution.

What are the benefits of using an integral by partial fractions?

Using an integral by partial fractions can simplify and make the integration process easier for complex rational functions. It also allows for the use of other integration techniques, such as u-substitution, to solve the integral more efficiently.

Are there any limitations to using an integral by partial fractions?

Yes, an integral by partial fractions can only be used for rational functions. It also requires the denominator to be factored, which can be difficult for some functions. Additionally, it may not always be the most efficient method for solving integrals.

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