- #1
baiyang11
- 9
- 0
Dear all,
I have a question attached related to both probability and cardinality. Let me know if my formulation of the problem is non-rigorous or confusing. Any proof or suggestions are appreciated.Thank you all.
The question follows.Consider a set \(I\) consists of \(N\) incidents.
\[I=\{i_{1},i_{2},...,i_{k},...i_{N}\}\]
Each incident has a probability to happen, i.e. incident \(i_{k}\) happens with the probability \(r_{k}\). Without loss of generality, we assume \(r_{1}\geq r_{2}\geq ... \geq r_{k}\geq ... \geq r_{N}\)
Given a constant \(n<N\), we can have set \(I_{1}=\{i_{1},i_{2},...,i_{n}\}\). Apparently, \(|I_{1}|=n\) and \(I_{1}\subset I\).
Define a mapping \(I\to S\) with \(S=\{s_{1},s_{2},...,s_{k},...s_{N}\}\) subject to
\[
s_{k} = \left\{ \begin{array}{ccc}
1 &\mbox{ (Pr=$r_{k}$)} \\
0 &\mbox{ (Pr=$1-r_{k}$)} \\
\end{array} \right.
\]
Pick out the incidents with correspond \(s\) being 1 to form the set \(I_{2}\) , i.e.
\[I_{2}=\{i_{m_{1}},i_{m_{2}},...,i_{m_{M}}\} \quad \mbox{and} \quad s_{m_{k}}=1 \quad k=1,2,...,M \]
Apparently, \(|I_{2}|=M\) and \(I_{2}\subset I\). Note that there could be \(I_{2}\ne I_{1}\) and \(|I_{2}| \ne |I_{1}|\).
The question is,
If we have two set \(A\) and \(B\) with \(|A|=|B|=n\) and assume
\[ |A \cap I_{1}| \geq |B \cap I_{1}| \]
Is the following statement true?
\[ E(|A \cap I_{2}|) \geq E(|B \cap I_{2}|) \]
where \(E\) means expected value.
If this is true, how to prove it? If not, how to prove it’s not true?
I have a question attached related to both probability and cardinality. Let me know if my formulation of the problem is non-rigorous or confusing. Any proof or suggestions are appreciated.Thank you all.
The question follows.Consider a set \(I\) consists of \(N\) incidents.
\[I=\{i_{1},i_{2},...,i_{k},...i_{N}\}\]
Each incident has a probability to happen, i.e. incident \(i_{k}\) happens with the probability \(r_{k}\). Without loss of generality, we assume \(r_{1}\geq r_{2}\geq ... \geq r_{k}\geq ... \geq r_{N}\)
Given a constant \(n<N\), we can have set \(I_{1}=\{i_{1},i_{2},...,i_{n}\}\). Apparently, \(|I_{1}|=n\) and \(I_{1}\subset I\).
Define a mapping \(I\to S\) with \(S=\{s_{1},s_{2},...,s_{k},...s_{N}\}\) subject to
\[
s_{k} = \left\{ \begin{array}{ccc}
1 &\mbox{ (Pr=$r_{k}$)} \\
0 &\mbox{ (Pr=$1-r_{k}$)} \\
\end{array} \right.
\]
Pick out the incidents with correspond \(s\) being 1 to form the set \(I_{2}\) , i.e.
\[I_{2}=\{i_{m_{1}},i_{m_{2}},...,i_{m_{M}}\} \quad \mbox{and} \quad s_{m_{k}}=1 \quad k=1,2,...,M \]
Apparently, \(|I_{2}|=M\) and \(I_{2}\subset I\). Note that there could be \(I_{2}\ne I_{1}\) and \(|I_{2}| \ne |I_{1}|\).
The question is,
If we have two set \(A\) and \(B\) with \(|A|=|B|=n\) and assume
\[ |A \cap I_{1}| \geq |B \cap I_{1}| \]
Is the following statement true?
\[ E(|A \cap I_{2}|) \geq E(|B \cap I_{2}|) \]
where \(E\) means expected value.
If this is true, how to prove it? If not, how to prove it’s not true?