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sid_galt
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So, does anyone know what are the advantages/disadvantages of biplanes over monoplanes?
Astronuc said:The advantages way back when (1900-1930's) was the having twice the surface area and a stiff structure. Remember they had wooden frames, and the first models were held together with wire. The structural alloys introduced during the early years of WW II were not available in years prior. Although Louis Bleriot introduced the first monoplane in 1906, there was limited production, and the Spad (biplane) was considered far superior.
The early monoplanes were fine in straight flight, but severe stresses (high speed turns and banking) during dogfighting would be too much for the wing.
The major disadvantage is the greater drag associated with two wings, and any wires and struts.
See - http://www.centennialofflight.gov/essay/Aerospace/Bleriot/Aero47.htm
If you look at early models, the wings were about 6 feet apart or so. A man could stand up between them. I believe that separation was reduced. The airflow is only affected within a few inches of the wing surface. I imagine it was trial and error back then, more experiment than theory. I haven't delved into the detail of aircraft design back then.sid_galt said:Wouldn't the two wings interfere with each other and reduce lift? What are equations aerodynamicists use to determine optimum placement for the two wings?
The wings aren't close enough to establish a venturi effect. A higher angle of attack would increase the drag. The lift on the wings is by the same principle as a single wing.sid_galt said:I was wondering, if the top wing was made at a slightly higher angle of attack than the bottom one and the bottom wing had its leading edge someplace after the top wing's leading edge, wouldn't the airflow have been faster over the bottom wing due to the venturi effect?
Would this have increased performance?
The main advantages of biplanes over monoplanes include increased lift and maneuverability, as well as the ability to carry heavier loads. Biplanes also have a shorter takeoff and landing distance compared to monoplanes, making them suitable for use in smaller or rougher airfields.
One major disadvantage of biplanes is their higher drag, which can result in lower speeds and higher fuel consumption compared to monoplanes. Biplanes also have a more complex design, requiring more maintenance and potentially increasing the cost of ownership.
Biplanes are generally considered to be less stable than monoplanes due to their shorter wingspan and higher wing loading. This can make them more difficult to control in turbulent or gusty conditions. However, biplanes can also be designed for increased stability through the use of various wing configurations.
Biplanes are generally preferred for aerobatic flying due to their increased maneuverability and ability to perform stunts at lower speeds. The biplane design also allows for a wider range of aerobatic maneuvers compared to monoplanes.
While biplanes are generally considered safe, there are some safety concerns specific to this type of aircraft. Biplanes have a higher stall speed, which can make them more susceptible to stalling during takeoff and landing. They also have a higher risk of structural failure due to the added stress on the wings from the additional struts and wires.