Angular momentum free particle problem

In summary, the question asks to show that the angular momentum of a free particle traveling past the origin O is constant. The solution involves using the cross product definition and analyzing the difference between the angular momentum at two arbitrary positions. The term 'free' in this context means that the particle is isolated and not subject to any external forces.
  • #1
rtsswmdktbmhw
38
2

Homework Statement


'Consider an inertial frame in which a free particle travels past the origin O but does not go through it. Show by direct calculation that the particle's angular momentum about O is constant.'


Homework Equations


[itex]\frac{d\vec{l}}{dt}=∑\vec{\tau}[/itex]
[itex]\vec{l}=\vec{r}\times\vec{p}[/itex]


The Attempt at a Solution


I tried working backwards; if angular momentum is a constant then [itex]\frac{d\vec{l}}{dt}=0[/itex] so that the integral gives a constant. That would mean the angular momentum is conserved, but the question doesn't specify that the system is isolated or that there is only central forces acting which are the conditions for conservation.

Am I missing something obvious? I don't think this was meant to be a particularly challenging question.
 
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  • #2
rtsswmdktbmhw said:

Homework Statement


'Consider an inertial frame in which a free particle...
...
the question doesn't specify that the system is isolated or that there is only central forces acting which are the conditions for conservation.

The 'free' in 'free particle' means that the particle is subject to no outside influences, so in particular no external forces and completely isolated.

I would suggest writing expressions for the angular momentum at two arbritary positions using the cross product definition and analyse the difference.
 
  • #3
CAF123 said:
...


The 'free' in 'free particle' means that the particle is subject to no outside influences, so in particular no external forces and completely isolated.

Oh... derp. I feel silly for not knowing that. That makes the question so trivial now.

Thanks for pointing that out to me :)
 

FAQ: Angular momentum free particle problem

What is the definition of angular momentum?

Angular momentum is a measure of the rotational motion of an object around a specific axis. It is calculated by multiplying the object's moment of inertia by its angular velocity.

How is angular momentum related to a free particle?

In a free particle problem, the particle has no external forces acting on it. In this case, the angular momentum of the particle is constant, as there is no torque acting on it to change its rotational motion.

Can a free particle have zero angular momentum?

Yes, a free particle can have zero angular momentum if it is moving in a straight line without any rotation. In this case, the particle's moment of inertia is zero, resulting in zero angular momentum.

How does the mass and velocity of a particle affect its angular momentum?

The mass of a particle does not directly affect its angular momentum, but its velocity does. The higher the velocity of the particle, the greater its angular momentum will be.

Can the angular momentum of a free particle change over time?

No, in a free particle problem, the angular momentum remains constant as there are no external forces acting on the particle to change its rotational motion. However, if external forces are introduced, the angular momentum can change over time.

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