Big Bang: Space & Time Explained

In summary, the big bang was an explosion of space and time which occurred 13.7 billion years ago. Due to the singularity of space and time before the big bang, it is impossible to determine exactly when or where it happened. The age of the universe is constantly changing due to observations and corrections using the Hubble's constant and the redshift-distance law. The expansion of the universe is caused by the recession velocity, which is not constrained by the rules of Newton or Special Relativity. The Hubble's constant is determined by observing the redshift-distance law and applying a cosmological model such as the FLRW metric and the Lamda-CDM.
  • #1
robsharp14
26
0
The big bang was an explosion of space and time and becouse space and time was not inexistance until after the big bang it is impossible to ask when or where the big bang happend... right.
 
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  • #2
correct
 
  • #3
robsharp14 said:
The big bang was an explosion of space and time and becouse space and time was not inexistance until after the big bang it is impossible to ask when or where the big bang happend... right.

mgb_phys said:
correct

So what's with people saying exactly when it happened (13.7 bly ago)?
 
  • #4
TrickyDicky said:
So what's with people saying exactly when it happened (13.7 bly ago)?

No problem measuirng how long ago it was, you simply can't say anything about time before then
 
  • #5
mgb_phys said:
No problem measuirng how long ago it was, you simply can't say anything about time before then

Does mathematical model predict BB's age? Or is it all observational?

what about http://www.physorg.com/news198135631.html
"-since a singularity cannot be mathematically defined."
 
  • #6
Age relative to what?
 
  • #7
Modeling and observation both were used. Basically galaxies were observed and there recessional velocities were measured (not at all easy to do) and this was graphed on the y-axis of a graph and on the x-axis the distance of the galaxies was plotted. Then a linear regression was plotted and the slope is equal to Hubble's constant (Ho) and was used in the equation V=HoD (V=recessional velocity, D = distance) The value is around 72 or so (km/s)/Mpc I believe.
From here you take the equation V=D/t and solve for t

Vt=D
t=D/V
----and then take the equation V=HoD and rearrange the variables so that one side is D/V

1=(Ho)/V
1/Ho=D/V
----and then substitue the vaules to get the equation: t=1/Ho
Taking the value you get from this you multiply it by 1/(# of seconds in a year) and by 1/(number of kilometers in a megaparsec(mpc)) in order to remove the km and mpc units on the value and you are left with the age of the universe.
 
  • #8
travwg33 said:
Modeling and observation both were used. Basically galaxies were observed and there recessional velocities were measured (not at all easy to do) and this was graphed on the y-axis of a graph and on the x-axis the distance of the galaxies was plotted. Then a linear regression was plotted and the slope is equal to Hubble's constant (Ho) and was used in the equation V=HoD (V=recessional velocity, D = distance) The value is around 72 or so (km/s)/Mpc I believe.
From here you take the equation V=D/t and solve for t

Vt=D
t=D/V
----and then take the equation V=HoD and rearrange the variables so that one side is D/V

1=(Ho)/V
1/Ho=D/V
----and then substitue the vaules to get the equation: t=1/Ho
Taking the value you get from this you multiply it by 1/(# of seconds in a year) and by 1/(number of kilometers in a megaparsec(mpc)) in order to remove the km and mpc units on the value and you are left with the age of the universe.


Thank you!...This appears to be what i have been asking for, a concise explanation...

can i assume then that since the age of the universe has changed some during my lifetime that the observation part of this procedure was what they were correcting with?..thanks
 
  • #9
A new question.
I know when a sun is large enough when it dies it expands and then retracts into a black hole. is the same thing true of the big bang? i mean will there be a point of time where everything comes back to the the singularty. Moreover what is the force that brings it back to the begging. gravity?
 
  • #10
When a cube of sugar dissolves completely into a glass of water and all the molecules are even dispersed that would represent a universe that has stopped expanding. so what is the factor that brings it back together?
 
  • #12
travwg33 said:
Modeling and observation both were used. Basically galaxies were observed and there recessional velocities were measured (not at all easy to do) and this was graphed on the y-axis of a graph and on the x-axis the distance of the galaxies was plotted. Then a linear regression was plotted and the slope is equal to Hubble's constant (Ho) and was used in the equation V=HoD (V=recessional velocity, D = distance) The value is around 72 or so (km/s)/Mpc I believe.
From here you take the equation V=D/t and solve for t

Vt=D
t=D/V
----and then take the equation V=HoD and rearrange the variables so that one side is D/V

1=(Ho)/V
1/Ho=D/V
----and then substitue the vaules to get the equation: t=1/Ho
Taking the value you get from this you multiply it by 1/(# of seconds in a year) and by 1/(number of kilometers in a megaparsec(mpc)) in order to remove the km and mpc units on the value and you are left with the age of the universe.

travwg33, your explanation is not entirely correct. Or perhaps you left out a few things in order to keep it simple. What Hubble measured was in actuality the redshift-distance law, which is: zc = constant x distance = HL. However, this realationship is only approximately true, and is only valid for "small" distances, i.e small redshifts. The larger the redshift, the greater divergence in the validity of the Hubble Law (redshift-distance law).

At distances of comological significance, the Velocity-Distance Law must be used:
V = H0L, where "V" is a true recession velocity caused by the expansion of space. And as such, V (recession velocity) can exceed the speed of light. Recession velocity is not a "normal" velocity, and is not constrained by the rules of Newton or Special Relativity

In order to determine H0 at the present time, one must apply a particular cosmological model giving the global geometry and rate of change of the scaling factor (R). Observations are made in order to determine which cosmological model best fits the observational evidence. Currently, the best cosmological model consistent with observational data is the FLRW metric combined with the Lamda-CDM model.
 
  • #13
Kylebrad98 said:
When a cube of sugar dissolves completely into a glass of water and all the molecules are even dispersed that would represent a universe that has stopped expanding. so what is the factor that brings it back together?

some say that its reverse inertia, others say its entropy I am not sure i have a lot more digging and recording to do before I am able to answer this question anywho. your about to take a dive into the topsy turvy and all kinds of curvy world of quantum physics, have fun.
 
  • #14
Dmitry67 said:
Age relative to what?
Relative to the big bang, taken to have occurred at t = 0 in the rest frame of the CMB.
 

FAQ: Big Bang: Space & Time Explained

What is the Big Bang theory?

The Big Bang theory is a scientific theory that explains the origin and expansion of the universe. It states that the universe began as a single point of infinite density and temperature, known as a singularity, and has been expanding and cooling ever since.

How old is the universe according to the Big Bang theory?

The current estimated age of the universe according to the Big Bang theory is approximately 13.8 billion years old. This age is determined by measuring the distance and movement of distant galaxies and cosmic microwave background radiation.

What evidence supports the Big Bang theory?

There is a significant amount of evidence that supports the Big Bang theory, including the observed expansion of the universe, the abundance of light elements, and the cosmic microwave background radiation. Additionally, the theory has been confirmed by various experiments and observations.

What is the role of space and time in the Big Bang theory?

In the Big Bang theory, space and time are intertwined and considered to be components of the fabric of the universe. Space expands and contracts as the universe expands and contracts, and time is affected by the gravitational forces of matter and energy.

What are some alternative theories to the Big Bang?

Some alternative theories to the Big Bang include the Steady State theory, which proposes that the universe has always existed in a constant state, and the Oscillating universe theory, which suggests that the universe goes through cycles of expansion and contraction. However, the Big Bang theory is currently the most widely accepted explanation for the origin and evolution of the universe.

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