Calculate E and B fields when given A

  • #1
Lambda96
223
75
Homework Statement
Calculate ##\vec{B}(t,\vec{x})##
Relevant Equations
none
Hi

I'm not sure if I calculated the magnetic field from task a) correct?

Bildschirmfoto 2024-11-16 um 12.03.26.png

for calculatin ##\vec{B}## i used, the formular ##\vec{B}=\vec{\nabla} x \vec{A}##

$$\vec{B}=\left(\begin{array}{c} \frac{\partial}{\partial x_1} \\ \frac{\partial}{\partial x_2} \\ \frac{\partial}{\partial x_3} \end{array}\right) \times \left(\begin{array}{c} A_0\cdot e^{-i(k_1x_1-\omega t)} \\ A_0\cdot e^{-i(k_2x_2-\omega t)} \\ A_0\cdot e^{-i(k_3x_3-\omega t)} \end{array}\right)=\left(\begin{array}{c} 0 \\ 0 \\ 0 \end{array}\right)$$

Is that right?
 
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  • #2
It looks like you misinterpreted the components of the vector potential.
 
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  • #3
Thank you kuruman for your help 👍

Should the calculation look like this?

$$\vec{B}=\left(\begin{array}{c} \frac{\partial}{\partial x_1} \\ \frac{\partial}{\partial x_2} \\ \frac{\partial}{\partial x_3} \end{array}\right) \times \left(\begin{array}{c} A_x\cdot e^{-i(k_1x_1+k_2x_2+k_3x_3-\omega t)} \\ A_y\cdot e^{-i(k_1x_1+k_2x_2+k_3x_3-\omega t)} \\ A_z\cdot e^{-i(k_1x_1+k_2x_2+k_3x_3-\omega t)} \end{array}\right)$$
 
  • #4
Much better, but it seems that you think that ##~e^{-i(k_1x_1+k_2x_2+k_3x_3-\omega t)}~## is some kind of a vector. It is not and no \cdot is needed on the right hand side.

Also, since you are given the constant vector ##\mathbf A_0## and you are using numbers as subscripts, it would be consistent to write it as $$\vec{B}=\left(\begin{array}{c} \frac{\partial}{\partial x_1} \\ \frac{\partial}{\partial x_2} \\ \frac{\partial}{\partial x_3} \end{array}\right) \times \left(\begin{array}{c} A_{01} ~e^{-i(k_1x_1+k_2x_2+k_3x_3-\omega t)} \\ A_{02} ~e^{-i(k_1x_1+k_2x_2+k_3x_3-\omega t)} \\ A_{03} ~e^{-i(k_1x_1+k_2x_2+k_3x_3-\omega t)} \end{array}\right).$$
 
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  • #5
Thank you kuruman for your help 👍 , I have now adjusted the notation in my submission
 
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  • #6
To add to what has already been said, you seem to insist in writing out all of your expressions on component form. While this may be instructive in the beginning, we invented vector notation precisely to not have to do this. Your entire computation would be simpler in vector notation using the vector identity ##\nabla \times (\phi \vec V) = \phi \nabla \times \vec V - \vec V \times \nabla \phi##, where ##\vec V## is an arbitrary vector field and ##\phi## is an arbitrary scalar field.
 

FAQ: Calculate E and B fields when given A

What is the relationship between the vector potential A and the electric field E?

The electric field E can be derived from the vector potential A using the equation E = -∇φ - ∂A/∂t, where φ is the scalar potential. The term -∇φ represents the electrostatic contribution, while -∂A/∂t accounts for the time-varying magnetic field contributions to the electric field.

How do you calculate the magnetic field B from the vector potential A?

The magnetic field B can be calculated from the vector potential A using the equation B = ∇ × A. This equation states that the magnetic field is the curl of the vector potential, indicating how A changes in space to produce a magnetic field.

What assumptions are made when calculating E and B fields from A?

When calculating the electric field E and magnetic field B from the vector potential A, it is often assumed that the fields are in a region where the potentials are well-defined and that the system is either static or in a time-varying regime. Additionally, gauge choices may be made to simplify calculations, such as using the Lorenz gauge or Coulomb gauge.

Can the vector potential A be uniquely determined from E and B?

No, the vector potential A is not uniquely determined by the electric field E and magnetic field B due to the gauge freedom in electromagnetism. Different choices of gauge can yield different vector potentials that produce the same E and B fields. The physical observables remain the same, but A can take on multiple forms.

What is the physical significance of the vector potential A?

The vector potential A is significant because it provides a way to describe electromagnetic fields in a more mathematically manageable form. It is particularly useful in quantum mechanics, where the vector potential is linked to the phase of wave functions, and in classical electromagnetism, where it simplifies calculations involving magnetic fields and their sources.

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