Calculating Mass of Cylinder in Rotational Dynamics Problem

In summary, a massless string is wrapped around a solid cylinder, with a block of mass 2.0 kg hanging from it. When released, the block falls a distance of 82 cm in 2.0 s. After calculating the acceleration, final velocity, and force of tension for the block, the next step is to calculate the radius of the cylinder. This can be done using the equation a=v^2/r, as the tangential acceleration of a point on the surface of the cylinder will be the same as the acceleration of the falling block. This is because the string and block share the same linear displacement in time and the string is in contact with the cylinder, causing the outer surface of the cylinder to travel at the
  • #1
Kyleman
10
0
A massless string is wrapped around a solid cylinder. A block of mass m=2.0 kg hangs from the string. When released, the block falls a distance 82 cm in 2.0 s. Calculate the mass of the cylinder.

Okay, for this problem, I started off with drawing free body diagrams for the block and the cylinder. I calculated the acceleration for the block to be .41 m/s^2, the final velocity of the block to be .82m/s and the force of tension of the string to be 20.42 N. Now, I think I need to calcuate the radius for the cylinder. Can I use the equation a=v^2/r to do that or is that the acceleration that is going towards the center of the cylinder?

Thanks for the help.
 
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  • #2
I guess I'm assuming that the acceleration of the mass is the same acceleration as the cylinder, is that correct?
 
  • #3
A point in/on the cylinder has two acceleration components - tangential and radial. The tangential acceleration of a point on the surface of the cylinder will be the same as the acceleration of the falling block since the string and the block (and therefore the outer surface of the block - the tangential acceleration) share the same linear displacement in time. since the string is in contact with the cylinder (not slipping on it) outer surface of the cylinder will travel at the same speed as the string and block at all times.
 

FAQ: Calculating Mass of Cylinder in Rotational Dynamics Problem

What is rotational dynamics?

Rotational dynamics is the study of the motion and behavior of objects that are rotating or moving in a circular path. It involves the analysis of forces, torques, and moments that affect the motion of such objects.

What is the difference between rotational and linear motion?

The main difference between rotational and linear motion is the type of path that the object follows. In linear motion, the object moves along a straight line, while in rotational motion, the object moves along a circular path or axis.

What is torque and how does it affect rotational dynamics?

Torque is the measure of the force that causes an object to rotate around an axis. It is calculated by multiplying the force applied to an object by the distance from the axis of rotation. In rotational dynamics, torque is one of the key factors that determine the rotational motion of an object.

How does the distribution of mass affect rotational dynamics?

The distribution of mass in an object affects its rotational dynamics by determining its moment of inertia. Moment of inertia is the measure of an object's resistance to rotational motion and is directly affected by the distribution of mass. Objects with a larger moment of inertia will require more torque to achieve the same rotational acceleration.

What are some real-world applications of rotational dynamics?

Rotational dynamics has many practical applications, including understanding the mechanics of rotating machinery, such as engines and turbines. It is also important in sports, such as gymnastics and figure skating, where rotational motion plays a significant role. Furthermore, rotational dynamics is crucial in designing and analyzing the performance of vehicles, such as cars, airplanes, and spacecraft.

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