Titration is a laboratory technique used to determine the concentration of a solution by reacting it with a known concentration of another solution. It is commonly used in chemistry to find the concentration of acids and bases, and is also used in environmental testing and drug analysis.
A pH indicator is used in titration to determine the endpoint of the reaction. It changes color when the reaction is complete, indicating the point at which the reactants have been completely neutralized and the concentration can be calculated.
The concentration of a solution can be calculated using the formula: M1V1 = M2V2, where M1 is the concentration of the known solution, V1 is the volume of the known solution used, M2 is the concentration of the unknown solution, and V2 is the volume of the unknown solution used.
The accuracy of a titration can be affected by factors such as improper calibration of equipment, incorrect measurement of volumes, and human error. It is important to carefully follow the procedure and use precise measurement techniques to ensure accurate results.
A titration is complete when the endpoint is reached, which is indicated by a color change in the pH indicator. It is important to add the titrant slowly and carefully near the endpoint to ensure accurate results.