Calculating Outward Flux of Vector Field on Ball Boundary

In summary, the outward flux of the two-dimensional vector field through the boundary of a ball can be calculated using the Divergence theorem. In this case, the divergence of the field was found to be 1, and therefore the answer is just pi*R^2. Alternatively, the flux can be calculated by dotting the unit normal with the field along the edge of the circle, resulting in an integral of (R/2) ds. However, the length of the curve should be 2piR, not 2pi, resulting in a flux of pi*R.
  • #1
kidsmoker
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Homework Statement



Calculate the outward flux of the two dimensional vector field

[tex]f:\Re^{2}\rightarrow\Re^{2} , f(x,y)=(x/2 + y\sqrt{x^{2}+y^{2}},y/2 + x\sqrt{x^{2}+y^{2}})[/tex]

through the boundary of the ball

[tex]\Omega = {(x,y)\in\Re^{2} \left| x^{2}+y^{2} \leq R^{2}} \subset\Re^{2}, R>0 .[/tex]

Homework Equations



Divergence theorem:

[tex]\int F.n ds = \int\int divF dA [/tex]

where the first integral is round the boundary and the second one is over the area (sorry I can't get latex to display the limits of integration).

The Attempt at a Solution



I calculated divF to be 1 which gives the answer to be just pi*R^2 .

I then thought i'd try it the old fashioned way, dotting the unit normal with the field around the edge of the circle. The unit normal is n=(x,y)/R right? So dotting this with the field gives me (x^2+y^2)/2R . Then I changed from x,y to using the angle t around the circle, so x=Rcost, y=Rsint .

This gives f.n= R^2/(2R) = R/2 so the flux is the integral from zero to 2pi of

[tex]\int (R/2) dt = (R/2)(2\pi) = \pi R .[/tex]

I must have gone wrong somewhere cos my answers are different, but I can't spot where :-(

Thanks for any help!
 
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  • #2
Your path integral shouldn't be dt, it should be ds where ds is arc length along the path. The length of the curve is 2piR.
 

FAQ: Calculating Outward Flux of Vector Field on Ball Boundary

What is the purpose of calculating the outward flux of a vector field on a ball boundary?

The outward flux of a vector field on a ball boundary is a measure of the amount of fluid, energy, or particles flowing outwards from a three-dimensional region. It is an important concept in many fields of science, including fluid mechanics, electromagnetism, and thermodynamics.

How is the outward flux of a vector field on a ball boundary calculated?

The outward flux is calculated using a mathematical formula that takes into account the magnitude and direction of the vector field at each point on the boundary of the ball. This formula involves taking the dot product of the vector field and the outward normal vector at each point on the boundary, and then integrating over the surface of the ball.

What factors can affect the outward flux of a vector field on a ball boundary?

The outward flux can be affected by the strength and direction of the vector field, as well as the shape and size of the ball boundary. Other factors such as the presence of other objects or boundaries nearby can also influence the outward flux.

What are some real-world applications of calculating the outward flux of a vector field on a ball boundary?

Calculating the outward flux can be useful in a variety of fields, including fluid dynamics for predicting the flow of fluids around objects, electromagnetism for understanding electric and magnetic fields, and thermodynamics for analyzing heat transfer and energy flow. It is also used in engineering and design for optimizing the performance of various systems and processes.

Are there any limitations or assumptions when calculating the outward flux of a vector field on a ball boundary?

One limitation is that the formula for calculating the outward flux assumes that the vector field is continuous and differentiable at every point on the boundary of the ball. This may not always be the case in real-world scenarios. Additionally, the calculation may become more complex for irregular or non-spherical boundaries.

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