Calculating Potential Energy of 4 Charges - Deriving V(x,y,z)

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The discussion focuses on calculating the potential energy of four equal charges arranged in a square configuration and analyzing the stability of this system. The potential energy function V(x, y, z) is expressed as a Taylor series expansion around the origin, where a test charge is placed. The key point is that the first-order terms in the expansion vanish, indicating a stable equilibrium. Participants emphasize the importance of deriving the electric field at the origin to facilitate the potential calculation. Understanding these concepts is crucial for accurately modeling the system's behavior under small displacements.
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Consider 4 charges all of magnitude q located at the following positions:
r1 = (+1; +1; 0) ; r2 = (-1; +1; 0) ; r3 = (-1;-1; 0) ; r4 = (+1;-1; 0)

We now want to study the stability of such an equilibrium con guration against
small displacements. Show that near the origin the potential energy felt by the test particle may be written as
V (x; y; z) = V0 + Ax^2 + By^2 + Cz^2 + ...

Where a test charge e is at the origin.

I'm a bit confused about how to arrive at this derivation. In general we have E=-\nablaV, so if we have the electric field at the origin, we can get the potential. However it does not turn out to be the above. Any help on getting me started?
 
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Expand V as a Taylor series about the origin. You should find the first-order terms vanish.
 

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