Calculating the First and Second Derivative of a Twice Differentiable Function

In summary, the conversation is about finding the first and second derivative of a function with an arbitrary input. The first derivative is determined to be $f_{y_1}\cdot x_1+f_{y_2}\cdot x_2$ and the second derivative is found to be $f_{y_1y_1}\cdot x_1^2+2f_{y_1y_2}\cdot x_1\cdot x_2+f_{y_2y_2}\cdot x_2^2$. The correctness of the calculations is confirmed with a nod and a smile.
  • #1
mathmari
Gold Member
MHB
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Hey! :eek:

I want to find the first and second derivative of the function $$\psi (\lambda )=f(\lambda x_1, \lambda x_2)$$ where $f(y_1, y_2)$ is twice differentiable and $(x_1, x_2)$ is arbitrary for fix.

I have done the following:
$$f(g(\lambda), h(\lambda)) : \\ \frac{\partial{f}}{\partial{\lambda}}=f_{y_1}\cdot g'(\lambda)+f_{y_2}\cdot h'(\lambda)=f_{y_1}\cdot x_1+f_{y_2}\cdot x_2$$
So, $\psi'(\lambda)=f_{y_1}\cdot x_1+f_{y_2}\cdot x_2$.

Is this correct? (Wondering)
Is the second derivative then the following:
\begin{align*}\frac{\partial^2{f}}{\partial{\lambda^2}}&=\left (f_{y_1y_1}\cdot g'(\lambda)+f_{y_1y_2}\cdot h'(\lambda)\right )\cdot x_1+\left (f_{y_2y_1}\cdot g'(\lambda)+f_{y_2y_2}\cdot h'(\lambda)\right )\cdot x_2 \\ & =\left (f_{y_1y_1}\cdot x_1+f_{y_1y_2}\cdot x_2\right )\cdot x_1+\left (f_{y_2y_1}\cdot x_1+f_{y_2y_2}\cdot x_2\right )\cdot x_2 \\ & =f_{y_1y_1}\cdot x_1^2+f_{y_1y_2}\cdot x_1\cdot x_2+f_{y_2y_1}\cdot x_1\cdot x_2+f_{y_2y_2}\cdot x_2^2 \\ & =f_{y_1y_1}\cdot x_1^2+2f_{y_1y_2}\cdot x_1\cdot x_2+f_{y_2y_2}\cdot x_2^2\end{align*}
? (Wondering)

So, $\psi''(\lambda)=f_{y_1y_1}\cdot x_1^2+2f_{y_1y_2}\cdot x_1\cdot x_2+f_{y_2y_2}\cdot x_2^2$.

Is this correct? (Wondering)
 
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  • #2
Looks all correct to me. (Nod)
 
  • #3
I like Serena said:
Looks all correct to me. (Nod)

Great! Thank you! (Smile)
 

FAQ: Calculating the First and Second Derivative of a Twice Differentiable Function

What is the meaning of the first and second derivative?

The first derivative measures the rate of change of a function at a specific point, while the second derivative measures the rate of change of the first derivative at that point. Essentially, the first derivative tells us how fast a function is changing, and the second derivative tells us how the rate of change is changing.

How is the first derivative calculated?

The first derivative of a function can be calculated using the limit definition of a derivative, which involves taking the limit as the change in the input approaches zero. Alternatively, the first derivative can also be calculated using differentiation rules, such as the power rule, product rule, or chain rule.

What does a positive/negative first derivative indicate?

A positive first derivative means that the function is increasing at that point, while a negative first derivative means that the function is decreasing at that point. The sign of the first derivative also tells us the direction of the function's slope, with a positive slope indicating an upward direction and a negative slope indicating a downward direction.

How is the second derivative used in curve sketching?

The second derivative can be used to determine the concavity of a function at a specific point. A positive second derivative indicates a concave up shape, while a negative second derivative indicates a concave down shape. This information is useful in determining the shape and behavior of a function's graph.

Can the first and second derivative be used to find critical points?

Yes, the first and second derivatives can be used to find critical points, which are points where the first derivative is equal to zero or undefined. The second derivative can then be used to classify these points as either maximum or minimum points. Critical points are important in finding the extreme values of a function.

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