Calculating the Height of a Cliff using Projectile Motion

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In summary, a stone thrown off a cliff falls into a lake 20m below. Using the equations of motion, it can be determined that the stone will take 2.02 seconds to fall and will reach a velocity of 19.8 m/s upon impact. The height of the cliff can be calculated by subtracting 20m from the initial height and taking into account the acceleration of gravity. The equation of motion and elapsed time may differ from the initial attempt.
  • #1
coolkid26
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Homework Statement



A stone is thrown off a cliff upward at a rate of 10 m/s. It then falls from the height of the throw down into a lake 20M below. How long does it take for the stone to fall? What is its impact velocity? What is the height of the cliff?

Homework Equations


v=vi+at
x=xi+vi+1/2at^2

The Attempt at a Solution


x=xi+vi+1/2at^2
20=0+0+1/2(9.8 x t^2)
40=9.8t^2
t^2=4
t=2.02s

v=vi+at
v=0+(9.8)(2.02)
v=19.8 m/sx=final distance
xi=initial distance
vi=initial velocity
v=final velocity
a=acceleration of gravity (9.8)
t=time

Can someone help me to find the height of the cliff? I got the time and impact velocity but am unsure of how to get the heigh of the cliff. Thanks! :)
 
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  • #2
Well the cliff would be 20m relative to the lake...Shouldn't really matter relative to anything else should it? If the cliff is 100m and the lake 80m high or if the cliff is 0m high and the lake -20m you still get the same answer.

Also remember that you want to find the time when you are 20m below the initial height. So if you take the height of the cliff to be 0m you want position -20m. Lastly remember that the acceleration of gravity is downwards and you have initial velocity. My equation of motion and elapsed time differ from yours.
 
Last edited:
  • #3
Something I didn't catch before in your equation of motion, you need half the acceleration. Not half of the product [tex]gt^{2}[/tex].
 

FAQ: Calculating the Height of a Cliff using Projectile Motion

1. How do you calculate the speed of a stone falling off a cliff?

The speed of a stone falling off a cliff can be calculated using the formula v = √(2gh), where v is the speed, g is the acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m/s²), and h is the height of the cliff.

2. What factors affect the speed of a stone falling off a cliff?

The speed of a stone falling off a cliff is affected by several factors, including the height of the cliff, the gravitational pull of the Earth, air resistance, and the mass and shape of the stone itself.

3. How does air resistance impact the speed of a stone falling off a cliff?

Air resistance, also known as drag, acts in the opposite direction of the stone's motion and slows it down. The larger the surface area of the stone, the greater the air resistance and the slower the speed of the stone.

4. Is the speed of a stone falling off a cliff affected by the angle at which it is thrown?

Yes, the angle at which the stone is thrown can affect its speed. If the stone is thrown horizontally, it will have a greater speed compared to being thrown at an upward angle, as it will not have to overcome the force of gravity as much.

5. How does the mass of the stone impact its speed when falling off a cliff?

The mass of the stone does not have a significant impact on its speed when falling off a cliff. As long as the stone is in a vacuum and only affected by gravity, all objects will fall at the same rate regardless of their mass.

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