Calculating the motion of binary stars

In summary, the conversation discusses a project involving binary stars and how to calculate their motion based on data collected through a telescope. The person asking the question is seeking advice on the best approach and mentions looking at Kepler's laws for understanding the motion of stars. It is also mentioned that spectroscopy is another method for obtaining information about binaries.
  • #1
hragsarkissia
1
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This is more of general question, but i am working on a project that involves binary stars. Basically, i am capturing data through a telescope, and i was wondering if i had all the parameters, how could i project, or calculate the motion of a binary star in terms of speed and direction.
Any hint would be appreciated, if you think i should approach this differently, please let me know.

I was looking at Kepler's laws to understand the motion of the stars, and i have a general idea about them.
 
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  • #2
Hi hragsarkissia,

hragsarkissia said:
This is more of general question, but i am working on a project that involves binary stars. Basically, i am capturing data through a telescope, and i was wondering if i had all the parameters, how could i project, or calculate the motion of a binary star in terms of speed and direction.
Any hint would be appreciated, if you think i should approach this differently, please let me know.

I was looking at Kepler's laws to understand the motion of the stars, and i have a general idea about them.

I don't understand what you have at this point. Are you saying you have already calculated some general parameters from the measurements, or are you asking how to use the raw measurements?
 
  • #3
If you are actually observing binary stars through a smallish telescope, there really isn't much you can determine about their motion by observation. The ones you can split in a telescope are hugely far apart and their rotation period is measured in hundreds or thousands of years, at least. You can get a period for eclipsing binaries, but not much else. Algol is famous. Other than that a lot of information about binaries comes from spectroscopy (doppler shift).
 

FAQ: Calculating the motion of binary stars

How do you determine the motion of binary stars?

The motion of binary stars can be determined using a few different methods. One common method is to measure the radial velocities of the stars, which is the speed at which they are moving towards or away from us. Another method is to observe the stars' positions over time and use trigonometry to calculate their orbital motion.

What is the formula for calculating the orbital period of binary stars?

The formula for calculating the orbital period of binary stars is P = 2π√(a^3/G(M1+M2)), where P is the orbital period in years, a is the semi-major axis of the orbit in astronomical units (AU), G is the gravitational constant, and M1 and M2 are the masses of the two stars in solar masses.

How do you calculate the masses of binary stars?

The masses of binary stars can be calculated using Kepler's Third Law, which states that the square of the orbital period is proportional to the cube of the semi-major axis. By measuring the orbital period and the semi-major axis, the masses of the stars can be calculated using the formula M1:M2 = a2:a1, where M1 and M2 are the masses of the stars and a1 and a2 are the semi-major axes of their orbits.

What is the significance of the eccentricity in the motion of binary stars?

The eccentricity of a binary star's orbit is a measure of how elliptical the orbit is. A lower eccentricity indicates a more circular orbit, while a higher eccentricity indicates a more elongated orbit. The eccentricity can affect the orbital period and the distance between the two stars at different points in their orbit.

What are some challenges in calculating the motion of binary stars?

One of the main challenges in calculating the motion of binary stars is accurately measuring the orbital parameters, such as the orbital period and the semi-major axis. These measurements can be affected by observational errors or external factors such as gravitational interactions with other stars. Additionally, the presence of a third or even fourth star in the system can complicate the calculations and make it more difficult to accurately determine the motion of the binary stars.

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