Calculating the velocity given the position of the particle

In summary, the problem involves a particle moving with constant velocity along the curve r = e^(θ) and z = r (cylindrical coordinates). The velocity and acceleration of the particle in terms of θ and v are calculated, and it is shown that they are perpendicular. The expression for θ(t) is also found.
  • #1
TheLil'Turkey
66
0

Homework Statement


A particle moves with constant velocity along the curve r = e^(θ) and z = r (cylindrical coordinates). The speed, v, is constant.

a) Calculate the velocity and acceleration of the particle in terms of θ and v.

b) Show that the velocity and acceleration are perpendicular.

c) Find the expression for θ(t).

Homework Equations


v[/B] = dr/dt (radial direction) + r dθ/dt (tangential direction)

v^2 = (dr/dt)^2 + r^2 (dθ/dt)^2 = constant

dr/dt = dr/dθ dθ/dt

The Attempt at a Solution



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  • #2
TheLil'Turkey said:
v = dr/dt (radial direction) + r dθ/dt (tangential direction)
That's for 2 dimensions. This is moving in three.

Posting your algebra as an image makes it hard to refer to specific equations in comments.

Expressing dr/dt in terms of dθ/dt, then expressing that in terms of dr/dt is going round in circles. Get all the velocity components expressed in terms of the time derivative of one of the coordinates - r, θ, or z, whichever is easiest - as you eventually did.
 

Related to Calculating the velocity given the position of the particle

1. What is the formula for calculating velocity given the position of a particle?

The formula for calculating velocity is v = (x2 - x1) / (t2 - t1), where x2 and x1 are the final and initial positions of the particle, and t2 and t1 are the final and initial times.

2. Can velocity be negative when calculating using position?

Yes, velocity can be negative when calculating using position. This happens when the particle is moving in the opposite direction of the positive direction on the position axis.

3. How is velocity represented on a position-time graph?

Velocity is represented by the slope of the line on a position-time graph. The steeper the slope, the greater the velocity, and the flatter the slope, the lower the velocity.

4. What is the difference between average velocity and instantaneous velocity?

Average velocity is the total displacement over a certain time period, while instantaneous velocity is the velocity at a specific moment in time. Average velocity can be calculated using the position of the particle at the beginning and end of the time period, while instantaneous velocity requires knowledge of the position at a specific time.

5. How does acceleration affect the calculation of velocity using position?

Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity, and it can affect the calculation of velocity using position by changing the slope of the position-time graph. If the acceleration is constant, the velocity can be calculated using the formula v = at + v0, where a is the acceleration, t is time, and v0 is the initial velocity. However, if the acceleration is not constant, the calculation of velocity using position becomes more complex.

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