Calculating torque on a pendulum

In summary, calculating torque on a pendulum involves understanding the forces acting on the pendulum arm and the distance from the pivot point to the center of mass. Torque (\( \tau \)) is determined using the formula \( \tau = r \times F \), where \( r \) is the length of the pendulum arm and \( F \) is the gravitational force acting on the mass at the end of the pendulum. The angle at which the pendulum is displaced from its vertical position also affects the torque, as it influences the effective lever arm. This calculation is essential for analyzing the pendulum's motion and predicting its behavior under various conditions.
  • #1
I_Try_Math
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Homework Statement
A pendulum consists of a rod of mass 1 kg and
length 1 m connected to a pivot with a solid
sphere attached at the other end with mass 0.5
kg and radius 30 cm. What is the torque about
the pivot when the pendulum makes an angle of
30 with respect to the vertical?
Relevant Equations
## \tau = -rFsin\theta ##
7-16-q2.jpg

Let ##m_{r}=1## kg be the mass of the rod and ##m_{s}=0.5## kg be the mass of the sphere.
## \tau = -rFsin\theta ##
## = -r([m_{r}+m_{s}]g)sin\theta ##
## =-1.3(1.5)(9.8)sin30 ##
## \tau = -9.6 ##
My book's answer key disagrees and my initial thoughts are that maybe the mass in my calculation is incorrect. Any help is appreciated.
 
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  • #2
I_Try_Math said:
Homework Statement: A pendulum consists of a rod of mass 1 kg and
length 1 m connected to a pivot with a solid
sphere attached at the other end with mass 0.5
kg and radius 30 cm. What is the torque about
the pivot when the pendulum makes an angle of
30 with respect to the vertical?
Relevant Equations: ## \tau = -rFsin\theta ##

View attachment 348431
Let ##m_{r}=1## kg be the mass of the rod and ##m_{s}=0.5## kg be the mass of the sphere.
## \tau = -rFsin\theta ##
## = -r([m_{r}+m_{s}]g)sin\theta ##
## =-1.3(1.5)(9.8)sin30 ##
## \tau = -9.6 ##
My book's answer key disagrees and my initial thoughts are that maybe the mass in my calculation is incorrect. Any help is appreciated.
Think carefully about the torque exerted by the weight of the rod.
 
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  • #3
Well I finally figured this one out after that hint. If anyone comes across this in the future here's a Walter Lewin video that might help
 

FAQ: Calculating torque on a pendulum

What is torque and how is it calculated for a pendulum?

Torque is a measure of the rotational force applied to an object around a pivot point. For a pendulum, torque (τ) can be calculated using the formula τ = r × F × sin(θ), where r is the distance from the pivot to the point of force application, F is the force applied, and θ is the angle between the force vector and the line from the pivot to the point of application.

How does the angle of the pendulum affect torque?

The angle of the pendulum affects the torque because it influences the component of the gravitational force acting perpendicular to the lever arm. As the angle increases, the sine of the angle increases, which increases the torque until it reaches a maximum at 90 degrees. Beyond this point, the torque starts to decrease as the angle approaches 180 degrees.

What forces are considered when calculating the torque on a pendulum?

When calculating the torque on a pendulum, the primary force considered is the gravitational force acting on the mass of the pendulum bob. This force can be broken down into components: one that acts along the direction of the pendulum's motion and another that acts perpendicular to it, which is responsible for generating torque.

How do you determine the pivot point for calculating torque on a pendulum?

The pivot point for calculating torque on a pendulum is typically the point where the pendulum is attached and allowed to swing. This is often at the top of the pendulum arm or rod, where it is fixed. All torque calculations are made with respect to this pivot point, as it is the axis of rotation.

What is the relationship between torque and angular acceleration in a pendulum?

The relationship between torque and angular acceleration in a pendulum is described by Newton's second law for rotation: τ = I × α, where τ is the torque, I is the moment of inertia of the pendulum about the pivot point, and α is the angular acceleration. This means that the greater the torque applied, the greater the angular acceleration experienced by the pendulum, assuming the moment of inertia remains constant.

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