Can particles appear and disappear "with" a cause?

  • #1
zaramahdi
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All the time in quantum we hear that particles can appear and disappear "without" a cause or a main reason in this thread we will touch the idea or possibility that these particles can appear and disappear "with" a cause or is it illogical to think that?
The first thing we need for this is to define what a particle is...
It is an object that has specific intrinsic properties and is described by a wave sign

How to measure it?

This is done by the interaction of the particle to be measured with the measurement system. When measuring, the wave function collapses and the quantum beam that represents the particle collapses into one specific state that reflects the observed value.

Now let's imagine a particle called A and a particle called B.

Its description is:

Ψ> = a|A>|B>+b|Ā>|B̅>

In the form of B and the body A, there are individual body states and they are A> and |B>

Their opposite states are: Ā> and |B̅>

Their Linear combination =a/b

When we measure particle A the wave function of the entire system collapses

So it becomes |Ψ>→|A>|B>

Thus particle "b" changes. If body A is not measured, the state of the system remains in the superposition and is considered to not exist in the first place.

if the body is not measured, it is considered non-existent, and when measured, the wave function collapses to a specific state, The collapsed state is the reason for its appearance and disappearance, and it is not unknown in the quantum world. On the contrary, Werner heisenberg in his theory proved this.

So that leaves us on a single thing...does this mean particles can appear and disappear "with" a cause? Or a main reason? Because tge collapsed state by itself is the reason for its appearance and disappearance?
 
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  • #2
zaramahdi said:
All the time in quantum we hear that particles can appear and disappear "without" a cause
Where do "we hear" this? Please give a specific reference. Your post looks confused, and I suspect you are either using an unreliable pop science source or you are misinterpreting what your source is saying.
 
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Likes vanhees71 and Vanadium 50

FAQ: Can particles appear and disappear "with" a cause?

Can particles really appear and disappear without a cause?

In quantum mechanics, particles can indeed appear and disappear seemingly without a cause. This phenomenon is often referred to as "quantum fluctuations." These fluctuations occur due to the uncertainty principle, which allows for temporary violations of energy conservation, leading to the creation and annihilation of particle-antiparticle pairs in a vacuum.

What is the role of virtual particles in these processes?

Virtual particles are a key concept in quantum field theory. They are temporary particles that exist during interactions between actual particles. Virtual particles can appear and disappear without violating the laws of physics because they exist only for a very short time, allowed by the uncertainty principle. They help explain forces like electromagnetism and the strong nuclear force.

How does the uncertainty principle allow particles to appear and disappear?

The Heisenberg uncertainty principle states that certain pairs of physical properties, like position and momentum, cannot both be precisely known at the same time. This principle also applies to energy and time, allowing for short-lived changes in energy that can result in the creation of particle-antiparticle pairs, which quickly annihilate each other. These brief appearances and disappearances are a fundamental aspect of quantum mechanics.

Are there any experimental observations of particles appearing and disappearing?

Yes, there are several experimental observations that support the existence of particles appearing and disappearing. One notable example is the Casimir effect, where two uncharged, parallel plates in a vacuum experience an attractive force due to the pressure from virtual particles. Another example is the Lamb shift in the hydrogen atom's energy levels, which can be explained by the interaction with virtual particles.

Do particles appearing and disappearing violate the conservation of energy?

No, particles appearing and disappearing do not violate the conservation of energy due to the principles of quantum mechanics. The energy conservation law is upheld in the long term, even though temporary violations can occur within the limits set by the uncertainty principle. These short-lived events do not result in any net change in energy over time.

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